Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

AN A MERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD

ASME B30.20-2021

(Revision of ASME B30.20-2018)

ASME B30.20-2021

(Revision of ASME B30.20-2018)

Below-the-Hook

Lifting Devices

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA

Date of Issuance: Nov ember30, 2021

The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2024. This Standard will become effective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.

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CONTENTS

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

B30 Standard Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii

FOREWORD

This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916, when an eight-page “Code of Safety Standards for Cranes,” prepared by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presented at the annual meeting of the ASME.

Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920 to 1925 involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron and Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC) [later changed to American Standards Association (ASA), then to the United States of America Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI], Department of Labor — State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry — State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, the AESC approved the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee’s recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.

In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a Sectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October 2, 1926, and the Committee was organized on November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 national organizations.

Commencing June 1, 1927, and using the eight-page Code published by ASME in 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the “Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists.” The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for jacks, but due to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided in 1938 to make the requirements for jacks a separate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was published addressing a multitude of equipment types, and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was published addressing only jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safety standards.

Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industry in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of Yards and Docks (now the Naval Facilities Engineering Command), was reorganized on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organizations. The new Committee changed the format of ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equipment types it addressed could be published in separate volumes that could completely cover the construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte- nance, and operation of each type of equipment that was included in the scope of ASA B30.2. This format change resulted in B30.3, B30.5, B30.6, B30.11, and B30.16 being initially published as “Revisions” of B30.2, with the remainder of the B30 volumes being published as totally new volumes. ASA changed its name to USASI in 1966 and to ANSI in 1969, which resulted in B30 volumes from 1943 to 1968 being designated as ASA B30, USAS B30, or ANSI B30, depending on their date of publication. In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee operating under procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI.

This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees. In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unne- cessary hardship, the administrative or regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use of other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of protection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance with the format described in Section IX of the B30 Standard Intro- duction, before rendering decisions on disputed points.

Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from committee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmental and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.

ASME B30.20, Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices, was first published in 1985; new editions were published in 1993, 1999, 2003, and 2006. In the 2010 edition, maintenance was made mandatory, definitions were revised, and other changes were made to improve clarity. The 2013 revision added requirements for personnel competence, operating controls marking and inspection, translation of non-English documentation into English, and updates to the definition of duty cycle to align with revisions made to ASME BTH-1. In addition, responsibilities for Owners and Operators are defined for each piece of

equipment. The 2018 edition added rated load marking requirements for remotely operated magnets and Chapter 6 on clamps, revised product safety labeling and the permanent magnet rating factor, expanded and clarified magnet testing requirements, made revisions to align with recent changes to ASME BTH-1, and updated the operating practices sections to align with revisions to the standards applicable to the equipment used with below-the-hook lifters. The 2021 edition improves clarity and readability of inspection requirements, adds removal criteria, and contains revisions to load test requirements.

This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, was approved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on September 24, 2021.

ASME B30 COMMITTEE

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks,

Jacks, and Slings

(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS

T. L. Blanton, Chair

E. D. Fidler, Vice Chair

S. D. Wood, Vice Chair

K. Peterson, Secretary

STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

N. E. Andrew, Neil E. Andrew and Associates, LLC

B. B. Bacon, Tennessee Valley Authority

T. L. Blanton, OGR Consulting Services, LLC

P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group

P. W. Boyd, The Boeing Co.

J. R. Burkey, Columbus McKinnon Corp.

B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services

J. A. Danielson, The Boeing Co.

D. R. Decker, Becket, LLC

L. D. DeMark, Sr., Equipment Training Solutions, LLC

1. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and Associates

2. D. Fidler, Grove U.S., LLC

M. Gardiner, ICC Forensics, LLC

J. A. Gilbert, Associated Wire Rope Fabricators

D. A. Henninger, Bridon Bekaert, The Ropes Group

G. B. Hetherston, Hetherston Consulting, LLC

M. M. Jaxtheimer, Navy Crane Center

P. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC

R. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering Services

A. J. Lusi, Jr., Lumark Consulting, LLP

1. D. Means, Means Engineering and Consulting, P.C.

2. W. Mills, Liberty Mutual Insurance

R. M. Parnell, ITI-Field Service

1. T. Perkins, All Material Handling (AMH)

2. Peterson, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

B. A. Pickett, Systems Engineering and Forensic Services

J. A. Pilgrim, Manitowoc Cranes

S. K. Rammelsberg, McDermott

K. Reynolds, Shell Exploration and Production

J. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the Navy

J. W. Rowland III, Consultant

A. R. Ruud, Atkinson Construction

L. K. Shapiro, Howard I. Shapiro and Associates

D. W. Smith, J.E. Spear Consulting, LP

W. J. Smith, Jr., NationsBuilder Insurance Services

R. S. Stemp, Lampson International, LLC

R. G. Strain, Advanced Crane Technologies, LLC

J. Sturm, Sturm Corp.

D. Sullivan, IUOE Local 542 JATC

P. D. Sweeney, Riverside Engineering

E. P. Vliet, Consultant

J. D. Wiethorn, International Crane and Construction Safety Solutions

1. C. Wild, CJ Drilling, Inc.

2. D. Wood, Terex Corp.

R. J. Bolen, Alternate, Consultant

D. Boyle, Alternate, The Crosby Group

B. M. Casey, Alternate, Electric Boat

M. Chaudanson, Alternate, Howard I. Shapiro and Associates

W. C. Dickinson, Jr., Alternate, Crane Industry Services, LLC

D. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc.

M. Eckstine, Alternate, Safelift, LLC

1. R. Fletcher, Alternate, Cowles, Murphy, Glover and Associates

2. Gordon, Alternate, IUOE Local 14 Training Fund

J. B. Greenwood, Alternate, Navy Crane Center

1. K. Hale, Alternate, Columbus McKinnon Corp.

2. Jordan, Alternate, American International Crane Bureau

K. Kennedy, Alternate, Navy Crane Center

D. Lavoie, Alternate, Liberty Mutual Insurance

J. Lindsay, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment

J. P. Mihlbauer, Alternate, All Ship and Cargo Surveys, Ltd.

G. D. Miller, Alternate, Manitowoc Cranes

D. A. Moore, Alternate, Unified Engineering

L. S. Olver, Alternate, Kolo Holdings, Inc.

J. M. Randall, Alternate, McDermott

G. M. Ray, Alternate, Tennessee Valley Authority

C. L. Richardson, Alternate, Lone Star Rigging, LP

M. Riggs, Alternate, Riggsafe Solutions, Inc.

J. R. Schober, Alternate, American Bridge Co.

J. Schoppert, Alternate, NBIS Claims and Risk Management

T. Sicklesteel, Alternate, National Commission for the Certification of Crane Operators

C. H. Smith, Alternate, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC

J. E. Spear, Alternate, J.E. Spear Consulting, LP