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ASME A17.1/ CSA B44-2019 Handbook
M00050027
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ASME A17.1/ CSA B44-2019 Handbook Handbook on Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, Safety Code for Elevators
Handbook / Manual / Guide by ASME International, 2021
Kevin L. Brinkman, PE
Full Description
ASME A17.1/CSA B44, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, and ASME A17.7/CSA B44.7, Performance- Based Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, are the accepted guides for design, construction, installation, operation, inspection, testing, maintenance, alteration,
and repair of elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, and material lifts. They are the basis in total or in part for elevator codes used throughout the United States and Canada.
ASME A17.1/CSA B44 and ASME A17.7/CSA B44.7 are only guides unless adopted as law or regulation by an authority having jurisdiction. Local jurisdictions may, in their adopting legislation, occasionally revise and/or include requirements in addition to those found in ASME A17.1/CSA B44 and ASME A17.7/CSA B44.7. It is therefore advisable to check with the local jurisdiction before applying code requirements in any area.
Requirement 1.1.1(c) was revised in ASME A17.1- 2013/CSA B44-13 to clarify that devices with hoisting and lowering mechanisms equipped with a car serving two or more landings and restricted to the carrying of materials but not classified as a dumbwaiter or material lift are not covered by the Code.
Requirement 1.1.2 outlines examples of equipment not covered by ASME A17.1/CSA B44 and ASME A17.7/CSA B44.7. Requirement 1.1.3 specifies those Parts and requirements of the Code that apply only to new installations, as well as those that apply to both new and existing installations. Requirement 1.1.3 was revised in ASME A17.1-2019/CSA B44:19 to include Section 8.12 because the International Building Code requires existing buildings to comply with ASCE 24 under certain conditions that would in turn affect new and existing elevators installed in an existing building.
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2019 Edition
ASME A17.1/CSA B44
Handbook
ASME A17.1-2019, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators
CSA B44:19, Safety Code for Elevators
Kevin L. B.rinkman, PE
2019 Edition
2019 Edition
ASME A17.1/CSA B44
Handbook
ASME A17.1-2019, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators
CSA B44:19, Safety Code for Elevators
Kevin L. Brinkman, PE
Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright © 2021 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A.
CONTENTS
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
Summary of Code Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Part 1 | General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
1.1 | Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
1.2 | Purpose and Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
1.3 | Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 3 |
Part 2 | Electric Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 4 |
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 4 | |
2.1 | Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 4 |
2.2 | Pits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 22 |
2.3 | Location and Guarding of Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 28 |
2.4 | Vertical Clearances and Runbys for Cars and Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 30 |
2.5 | Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 39 |
2.6 | Protection of Space Below Hoistways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 41 |
2.7 | Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . | 43 |
2.8 | Equipment in Hoistways, Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 55 |
2.9 | Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 69 |
2.10 | Guarding of Equipment and Standard Railing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 70 |
2.11 | Protection of Hoistway Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 70 |
2.12 | Hoistway Door Locking Devices and Closed Detection Means, and Hoistway Access Switches | 99 |
2.13 | Power Operation of Hoistway Doors and Car Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 110 |
2.14 | Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 133 |
2.15 | Car Frames and Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 153 |
2.16 | Capacity and Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 163 |
2.17 | Car and Counterweight Safeties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 167 |
2.18 | Speed Governors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 184 |
2.19 | Ascending Car Overspeed and Unintended Car Movement Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 190 |
2.20 | Suspension Means and Their Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 204 |
2.21 | Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 214 |
2.22 | Buffers and Bumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 215 |
2.23 | Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings . . . . . . . . . . . | 223 |
2.24 | Driving Machines and Sheaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 231 |
2.25 | Terminal Stopping Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 248 |
2.26 | Operating Devices and Control Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 263 |
2.27 | Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 334 |
2.28 | Layout Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 397 |
2.29 | Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 397 |
Part 3 | Hydraulic Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 398 |
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 398 | |
3.1 | Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 399 |
3.4 | Bottom and Top Clearances and Runbys for Cars and Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 399 |
3.6 | Protection of Spaces Below Hoistway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 403 |
3.7 | Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . | 403 |
3.11 | Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 403 |
3.12 | Hoistway Door Locking Devices, Closed Detection Means, and Hoistway Access Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 403 |
3.14 | Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 403 |
3.15 | Car Frames and Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 403 |
3.16 | Capacity and Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 403 |
3.17 | Car Safeties, Counterweight Safeties, Plunger Gripper, and Governors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 404 |
3.18 | Hydraulic Jacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 408 |
3.19 | Valves, Pressure Piping, and Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 412 |
3.21 | Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 415 |
3.22 | Buffers and Bumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 415 |
3.23 | Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 415 |
3.24 | Hydraulic Machines and Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 416 |
3.25 | Terminal Stopping Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 416 |
3.26 | Operating Devices and Control Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 417 |
3.27 | Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 420 |
3.28 | Layout Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 420 |
Part 4 | Elevators With Other Types of Driving Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 421 |
4.1 | Rack-and-Pinion Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 421 |
4.2 | Screw-Column Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 430 |
4.3 | Hand Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 435 |
Part 5 | Special Application Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 436 |
5.1 | Inclined Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 436 |
5.2 | Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 444 |
5.3 | Private Residence Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 447 |
5.4 | Private Residence Inclined Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 459 |
5.5 | Power Sidewalk Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 460 |
5.6 | Rooftop Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 461 |
5.7 | Special Purpose Personnel Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 466 |
5.8 | Marine Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 473 |
5.9 | Mine Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 473 |
5.10 | Elevators Used for Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 478 |
5.11 | Wind Turbine Tower Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 482 |
5.12 | Outside Emergency Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 482 |
Part 6 | Escalators and Moving Walks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 483 |
6.1 | Escalators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 483 |
6.2 | Moving Walks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 520 |
Part 7 | Dumbwaiters and Material Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 539< |