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ASME A17.1/ CSA B44-2016 Handbook
M00050029
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ASME A17.1/ CSA B44-2016 Handbook Handbook on Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, Safety Code for Elevators
Handbook / Manual / Guide by ASME International, 2017
Kevin L. Brinkman, PE
Full Description
ASME A17.1/CSA B44-2016-one of ASME's most popular safety standards-addresses elevators, escalators, dumbwaiters, moving walks and material lifts. It provides requirements applying to the design, construction, installation, operation, testing, inspection, maintenance, alteration and repair of these conveyances.This living landmark has been defining safety in elevators, escalators and related equipment since 1921. A17.1 has been harmonized with CSA B44 to provide one comprehensive solution for jurisdictions throughout North America. A17.1 is written by a committee comprised of technically qualified persons who demonstrate a concern and competence in the subject within the A17 Committee's scope and a willingness to participate in the work of the committee. The Code is written in a form that is suitable for enforcement by state, municipal, and other jurisdictional authorities; and as such, the text is concise, without examples or explanations.
For these reasons, ASME determined that a handbook would be useful to augment the Code by providing a commentary on the Code requirements. This companion Handbook contains the rationale for A17.1 requirements; explanations, examples and illustrations of their implementation; plus excerpts from other nationally recognized standards, which are referenced by the Code. It seeks to provide users with a better understanding for A17.1 requirements, with increased safety for all parties intended as the net result. Commentary in this Handbook was compiled from ASME A17 Committee minutes, correspondence, and interpretations, as well as conversations with past and present ASME A17 and CSA B44 committee members.
Both publications are to be used in conjunction with other volumes of ASME's A17 series of safety standards. Careful application of these A17 safety standards will help users to comply with applicable regulations within their jurisdictions, while achieving the operational and safety benefits to be gained from the many industry best-practices detailed within these volumes.
Intended for anyone engaged in the safety of elevators, escalators and related conveyances, including those responsible for: design, engineering and manufacture; installation, operation, testing, maintenance, alteration and repair; inspection; plans, contracts, administration, insurance and liability; property, facilities and plant management; and emergency response.
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2016 Edition
ASME A17.1/CSA B44
Handbook
ASME A17.1-2016, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators
CSA B44-16, Safety Code for Elevators
Kevin L. Brinkman, PE
2016 Edition
2016 Edition
ASME A17.1/CSA B44
Handbook
ASME A17.1-2016, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators
CSA B44-16, Safety Code for Elevators
Kevin L. Brinkman, PE
Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright © 2017 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A.
CONTENTS
Introduction vii
Foreword viii
Acknowledgments xii
Summary of Code Changes xiii
Part 1 General 1
Scope 1
Purpose and Exceptions 1
Definitions 3
Part 2 Electric Elevators 4
Scope 4
Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures 4
Pits 20
Location and Guarding of Counterweights 26
Vertical Clearances and Runbys for Cars and Counterweights 29
Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances 33
Protection of Space Below Hoistways 39
Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control
Rooms 39
Equipment in Hoistways, Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms,
Control Spaces, and Control Rooms 52
Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations 65
Guarding of Equipment and Standard Railing 68
Protection of Hoistway Openings 68
Hoistway Door Locking Devices and Electric Contacts, and Hoistway Access Switches 94
Power Operation of Hoistway Doors and Car Doors 104
Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination 125
Car Frames and Platforms 143
Capacity and Loading 152
Car and Counterweight Safeties 156
Speed Governors 170
Ascending Car Overspeed and Unintended Car Movement
Protection 176
Suspension Means and Their Connections 189
Counterweights 199
Buffers and Bumpers 200
Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and
Fastenings 207
Driving Machines and Sheaves 211
Terminal Stopping Devices 229
Operating Devices and Control Equipment 244
Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices 314
Layout Drawings 365
Identification 365
Part 3 Hydraulic Elevators 367
Scope 367
3.1 Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures 367
3.4 | Bottom and Top Clearances and Runbys for Cars and Counterweights .................................................. | 368 |
3.6 | Protection of Spaces Below Hoistway ................................ | 370 |
3.7 | Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms ........................................................... | 370 |
3.11 | Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings ........................... | 371 |
3.14 | Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination .......... | 371 |
3.15 | Car Frames and Platforms .......................................... | 371 |
3.16 | Capacity and Loading .............................................. | 372 |
3.17 | Car Safeties, Counterweight Safeties, Plunger Gripper, and Governors ................................................... | 372 |
3.18 | Hydraulic Jacks ..................................................... | 376 |
3.19 | Valves, Pressure Piping, and Fittings ................................ | 380 |
3.21 | Counterweights ..................................................... | 382 |
3.22 | Buffers and Bumpers ............................................... | 382 |
3.23 | Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings .................... | 382 |
3.24 | Hydraulic Machines and Tanks ...................................... | 382 |
3.25 | Terminal Stopping Devices .......................................... | 383 |
3.26 | Operating Devices and Control Equipment .......................... | 384 |
3.27 | Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices ........................ | 386 |
3.28 | Layout Data ........................................................ | 386 |
Part 4 | Elevators With Other Types of Driving Machines ....................... | 387 |
4.1 | Rack-and-Pinion Elevators .......................................... | 387 |
4.2 | Screw-Column Elevators ............................................ | 392 |
4.3 | Hand Elevators ..................................................... | 398 |
Part 5 | Special Application Elevators ......................................... | 400 |
5.1 | Inclined Elevators ................................................... | 400 |
5.2 | Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators ......................... | 407 |
5.3 | Private Residence Elevators ......................................... | 410 |
5.4 | Private Residence Inclined Elevators ................................. | 418 |
5.5 | Power Sidewalk Elevators ........................................... | 420 |
5.6 | Rooftop Elevators ................................................... | 422 |
5.7 | Special Purpose Personnel Elevators ................................. | 426 |
5.8 | Marine Elevators .................................................... | 432 |
5.9 | Mine Elevators ..................................................... | 433 |
5.10 | Elevators Used for Construction ..................................... | 437 |
5.11 | Wind Turbine Tower Elevators ...................................... | 440 |
5.12 | Outside Emergency Elevators ....................................... | 440 |
Part 6 | Escalators and Moving Walks ......................................... | 441 |
6.1 | Escalators .......................................................... | 441 |
6.2 | Moving Walks ...................................................... | 473 |
Part 7 | Dumbwaiters and Material Lifts ....................................... | 489 |
Scope .............................................................. | 489 | |
7.1 | Power and Hand Dumbwaiters Without Automatic Transfer Devices .......................................................... | 489 |
7.2 | Electric and Hand Dumbwaiters Without Automatic Transfer Devices .......................................................... | 492 |
7.3 | Hydraulic Dumbwaiters Without Automatic Transfer Devices ........ | 496 |
7.4 | Material Lifts Without Automatic Transfer Devices ................... | 496 |
7.5 | Electric Material Lifts Without Automatic Transfer Devices ........... | 501 |
7.6 | Hydraulic Material Lifts Without Automatic Transfer Devices ........ | 503 |
7.7 | Automatic Transfer Devices ......................................... | 504 |
7.8 | Power Dumbwaiters With Automatic Transfer Devices ............... | 507 |
7.9 | Electric Material Lifts With Automatic Transfer Devices .............. | 508 |
7.10 | Hydraulic Material Lifts With Automatic Transfer Devices ........... | 510 |
Part 8 | General Requirements ................................................ | 511 |
8.1 | Security ............................................................ | 511 |
8.2 | Design Data and Formulas .......................................... | 512 |
8.3 | Engineering Tests, Type Tests, and Certification ...................... | 523 |
8.4 | Elevator Seismic Requirements ...................................... | 529 |
8.5 | Escalator and Moving Walk Seismic Requirements ................... | 537 |
8.6 | Maintenance, Repair, Replacement, and Testing ...................... | 539 |
8.7 | Alterations ......................................................... | 562 |
8.8 | Welding ............................................................ | 594 |
8.9 | Code Data Plate .................................................... | 594 |
8.10 | Acceptance Inspections and Tests ................................... | 595 |
8.11 | Periodic Inspections and Witnessing of Tests ......................... | 611 |
8.12 | Flood Resistances ................................................... | 616 |
Part 9 | Reference Codes, Standards, and Specifications........................ | 624 |
Locating Codes, Standards, and AECO Certifications ................ | 624 | |
United States Codes and Standards ................................. | 624 | |
Canadian Codes and Standards ..................................... | 628 | |
Accredited Elevator/Escalator Certification Organization (AECO) .... | 628 | |
International Codes and Standards .................................. | 628 | |
Out-of-Print Codes and Standards ................................... | 629 | |
Additional Resource Material ....................................... | 629 |
Nonmandatory Appendices
Control System 633
Unlocking Zone 633
Location of Top Emergency Exit 633
Rated Load and Capacity Plates for Passenger Elevators 633
Elevator Requirements for Persons With Physical Disabilities
in Jurisdictions Enforcing NBCC 633
Ascending Car Overspeed and Unintended Car Movement
Protection 633