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ASME B31.1-2007
M00050925
New product
ASME B31.1-2007 Power Piping, Includes Addenda A (2008) and Addenda B (2009)
standard by ASME International, 07/01/2007
Full Description
This code prescribes minimum reguirements for the design, materials, fabrication, erection, test, and inspection of power and auxiliary service piping systems for electric generation stations, industrial institutional plants, central and district heating plants. The code covers boiler external piping for power boilers and high temperature, high pressure water boilers in which steam or vapor is generated at a pressure of more than 15 PSIG; and high temperature water is generated at pressures exceeding 160 PSIG and/or temperatures exceeding 250 F.In stock
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ASME B31.1-2007
(Revision of ASME B31.1-2004)
Power Piping
ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31
A N A M E R I C A N N A T I O N A L S T A N D A R D
Copyright 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
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ASME B31.1-2007
(Revision of ASME B31.1-2004)
Power Piping
ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31
AN AMERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD
Three Park Avenue • New York, NY 10016
Date of Issuance: December 7, 2007
The 2007 edition of this Code is being issued with an automatic update service that includes addenda, interpretations, and cases. The use of addenda allows revisions made in response to public review comments or committee actions to be published on a regular basis; revisions published in addenda will become effective 6 months after the Date of Issuance of the addenda. The next edition of this Code is scheduled for publication in 2010.
ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright © 2007 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A.
CONTENTS
Foreword vi
Committee Roster vii
Introduction x
Summary of Changes xii
Chapter I | Scope and Definitions................................................... | 1 |
100 | General ............................................................... | 1 |
Chapter II | Design ................................................................. | 10 |
Part 1 | Conditions and Criteria ............................................... | 10 |
101 | Design Conditions ..................................................... | 10 |
102 | Design Criteria ........................................................ | 11 |
Part 2 | Pressure Design of Piping Components ............................... | 16 |
103 | Criteria for Pressure Design of Piping Components ..................... | 16 |
104 | Pressure Design of Components ....................................... | 16 |
Part 3 | Selection and Limitations of Piping Components ..................... | 29 |
105 | Pipe .................................................................. | 29 |
106 | Fittings, Bends, and Intersections ...................................... | 30 |
107 | Valves ................................................................ | 31 |
108 | Pipe Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, Gaskets, and Bolting ............. | 32 |
Part 4 | Selection and Limitations of Piping Joints ............................ | 33 |
110 | Piping Joints .......................................................... | 33 |
111 | Welded Joints ......................................................... | 33 |
112 | Flanged Joints ......................................................... | 33 |
113 | Expanded or Rolled Joints ............................................. | 33 |
114 | Threaded Joints ....................................................... | 33 |
115 | Flared, Flareless, and Compression Joints, and Unions .................. | 38 |
116 | Bell End Joints ........................................................ | 39 |
117 | Brazed and Soldered Joints ............................................ | 39 |
118 | Sleeve Coupled and Other Proprietary Joints ........................... | 39 |
Part 5 | Expansion, Flexibility, and Pipe Supporting Element .................. | 39 |
119 | Expansion and Flexibility .............................................. | 39 |
120 | Loads on Pipe Supporting Elements ................................... | 42 |
121 | Design of Pipe Supporting Elements ................................... | 43 |
Part 6 | Systems ............................................................... | 46 |
122 | Design Requirements Pertaining to Specific Piping Systems ............. | 46 |
Chapter III | Materials............................................................... | 61 |
123 | General Requirements ................................................. | 61 |
124 | Limitations on Materials ............................................... | 62 |
125 | Materials Applied to Miscellaneous Parts .............................. | 63 |
Chapter IV 126 | Dimensional Requirements .............................................. Material Specifications and Standards for Standard and Nonstandard Piping Components ................................................. | 64 64 |
Chapter V | Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection...................................... | 72 |
127 | Welding ............................................................... | 72 |
128 | Brazing and Soldering ................................................. | 81 |
129 | Bending and Forming ................................................. | 82 |
130 | Requirements for Fabricating and Attaching Pipe Supports ............. | 82 |
131 | Welding Preheat ....................................................... | 83 |
iii
132 | Postweld Heat Treatment .............................................. | 83 |
133 | Stamping ............................................................. | 89 |
135 | Assembly ............................................................. | 89 |
Chapter VI | Inspection, Examination, and Testing .................................... | 91 |
136 | Inspection and Examination ........................................... | 91 |
137 | Pressure Tests ......................................................... | 95 |
Chapter VII | Operation and Maintenance ............................................. | 98 |
138 | General ............................................................... | 98 |
139 | Operation and Maintenance Procedures ................................ | 98 |
140 | Condition Assessment of CPS .......................................... | 98 |
141 | CPS Records .......................................................... | 99 |
Figures | ||
100.1.2(A) | Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — Forced Flow Steam | |
Generator With No Fixed Steam and Water Line ..................... | 2 | |
100.1.2(B) | Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — Drum-Type Boilers ............ | 3 |
100.1.2(C) | Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — Spray-Type Desuperheater ..... | 4 |
102.4.5 | Nomenclature for Pipe Bends .......................................... | 15 |
104.3.1(D) | Reinforcement of Branch Connections .................................. | 20 |
104.3.1(G) | Reinforced Extruded Outlets ........................................... | 24 |
104.5.3 | Types of Permanent Blanks ............................................ | 27 |
104.8.4 | Cross Section Resultant Moment Loading .............................. | 29 |
122.1.7(C) | Typical Globe Valves .................................................. | 50 |
122.4 | Desuperheater Schematic Arrangement ................................ | 55 |
127.3 | Butt Welding of Piping Components With Internal Misalignment ....... | 73 |
127.4.2 | Welding End Transition — Maximum Envelope ........................ | 74 |
127.4.4(A) | Fillet Weld Size ........................................................ | 76 |
127.4.4(B) | Welding Details for Slip-On and Socket-Welding Flanges; Some | |
Acceptable Types of Flange Attachment Welds ....................... | 77 | |
127.4.4(C) | Minimum Welding Dimensions Required for Socket Welding | |
Components Other Than Flanges .................................... | 77 | |
127.4.8(A) | Typical Welded Branch Connection Without Additional | |
Reinforcement ....................................................... | 77 | |
127.4.8(B) | Typical Welded Branch Connection With Additional Reinforcement ..... | 77 |
127.4.8(C) | Typical Welded Angular Branch Connection Without Additional | |
Reinforcement ...................................................... | 77 | |
127.4.8(D) | Some Acceptable Types of Welded Branch Attachment Details | |
Showing Minimum Acceptable Welds ............................... | 78 | |
127.4.8(E) | Typical Full Penetration Weld Branch Connections for NPS 3 and | |
Smaller Half Couplings or Adapters ................................. | 79 | |
127.4.8(F) | Typical Partial Penetration Weld Branch Connection for NPS 2 and | |
Smaller Fittings ..................................................... | 79 | |
135.5.3 | Typical Threaded Joints Using Straight Threads ........................ | 90 |
Tables | ||
102.4.3 | Longitudinal Weld Joint Efficiency Factors ............................. | 14 |
102.4.5 102.4.6(B.1.1) | Bend Thinning Allowance ............................................. Maximum Severity Level for Casting Thickness 41⁄2 in. (114 mm) or | 15 |
102.4.6(B.2.2) | Less ................................................................ Maximum Severity Level for Casting Thickness Greater Than 41⁄2 in. | 16 |
(114 mm) ........................................................... | 16 | |
104.1.2(A) | Values of y ............................................................ | 18 |
112 | Piping Flange Bolting, Facing, and Gasket Requirements ............... | 34 |
114.2.1 | Threaded Joints Limitations ............................................ | 38 |
121.5 | Suggested Pipe Support Spacing ....................................... | 44 |
121.7.2(A) | Carrying Capacity of Threaded ASTM A 36, A 575, and A 576 | |
Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel ............................................. | 45 |
iv
122.2 Design Pressure for Blowoff/Blowdown Piping Downstream of BEP
Valves 51
122.8.2(B) Minimum Wall Thickness Requirements for Toxic Fluid Piping 58
126.1 Specifications and Standards 65
127.4.2 Reinforcement of Girth and Longitudinal Butt Welds 75
129.3.2 Approximate Lower Critical Temperatures 82
132 Postweld Heat Treatment 85
132.1 Alternate Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and
Low Alloy Steels 89
136.4 Mandatory Minimum Nondestructive Examinations for Pressure
Welds or Welds to Pressure-Retaining Components 93
136.4.1 Weld Imperfections Indicated by Various Types of Examination 94
Mandatory Appendices
A | Table A-1, Carbon Steel .... |