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ASME B30.4-2020
M00051199
New product
ASME B30.4-2020 Portal, Tower, and Pedestal Cranes
standard by ASME International, 10/20/2020
Full Description
B30.4 applies to the construction, installation, operation, inspection, testing and maintenance of electric motor or internal-combustion engine powred portal and pedestal cranes, that adjust operating radius by means of a boom luffing mechanism or by means of a trolley traversing a horizontal boom, that may be mounted on a fixed or traveling base, and to any variation thereof that retain the same fundamental characteristics. This standard applies only to portal and pedestal cranes utilizing a drum and wire rope for hoisting and which are used for hoisting work. The requirements for tower cranes (refer to ASME B30.3), telescopic boom cranes (refer to ASME B30.5), and knuckleboom cranes (refer to ASME B30.22) are not included in this standard.In stock
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Portal and Pedestal Cranes
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings
AN A MERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD
ASME B30.4-2020
(Revision of ASME B30.4-2015)
ASME B30.4-2020
(Revision of ASME B30.4-2015)
Portal and
Pedestal Cranes
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
Date of Issuance: October 20, 2020
The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2025. This Standard will become effective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.
ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Standard. Interpretations are published on the ASME website under the Committee Pages at https://cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued.
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ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.
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ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright © 2020 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A.
CONTENTS
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
B30 Standard Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
Chapter 4-0 | Scope, Definitions, Personnel Competence, Translations, and References . . . . . . . . | 1 |
Section 4-0.1 | Scope of B30.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
Section 4-0.2 | Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
Section 4-0.3 | Personnel Competence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 2 |
Section 4-0.4 | Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 2 |
Section 4-0.5 | References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 5 |
Chapter 4-1 | Erection, Characteristics, and Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 6 |
Section 4-1.1 | Site Preparation and Erection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 6 |
Section 4-1.2 | Structural Design and Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 6 |
Section 4-1.3 | Load Ratings and Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 7 |
Section 4-1.4 | Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 8 |
Section 4-1.5 | Hoisting Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 9 |
Section 4-1.6 | Luffing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 9 |
Section 4-1.7 | Swing (Slewing) Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 10 |
Section 4-1.8 | Travel Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 10 |
Section 4-1.9 | Brakes, General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 10 |
Section 4-1.10 | Lifting Magnets and Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 10 |
Section 4-1.11 | Operational Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 10 |
Section 4-1.12 | Boom and Jib Support Ropes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 11 |
Section 4-1.13 | Reeving Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 11 |
Section 4-1.14 | Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 11 |
Section 4-1.15 | Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 11 |
Section 4-1.16 | Electrical Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 12 |
Section 4-1.17 | Operator’s Cab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 12 |
Section 4-1.18 | General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 12 |
Chapter 4-2 | Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 14 |
Section 4-2.1 | Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 14 |
Section 4-2.2 | Operational Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 15 |
Section 4-2.3 | Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 15 |
Section 4-2.4 | Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 16 |
Section 4-2.5 | Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 17 |
Chapter 4-3 | Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 18 |
Section 4-3.1 | Qualifications and Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 18 |
Section 4-3.2 | Operating Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 21 |
iii
Section 4-3.3 | Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 23 |
Section 4-3.4 | Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 25 |
Figures 4-0.2.1-1 | Pedestal Crane With Luffing Boom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 3 |
4-0.2.1-2 | Portal Crane With Level Luffing Boom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 3 |
4-0.2.1-3 | Portal Crane With Luffing Boom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 4 |
4-3.3.4-1 | Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Portal and Pedestal Cranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 24 |
iv
FOREWORD
This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916, when an eight-page “Code of Safety Standards for Cranes,” prepared by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presented at the annual meeting of the ASME.
Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920 to 1925 involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron and Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC) [later changed to American Standards Association (ASA), then to the United States of America Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI], Department of Labor — State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry — State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, the AESC approved the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee’s recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.
In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a Sectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October 2, 1926, and the Committee was organized on November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 national organizations.
Commencing June 1, 1927, and using the eight-page Code published by ASME in 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the “Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists.” The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for jacks, but due to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided in 1938 to make the requirements for jacks a separate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was published, addressing a multitude of equipment types, and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was published, addressing only jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safety standards.
Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industry in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of Yards and Docks (now the Naval Facilities Engineering Command), was reorganized on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organizations. The new Committee changed the format of ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equipment types it addressed could be published in separate volumes that could completely cover the construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte- nance, and operation of each type of equipment that was included in the scope of ASA B30.2. This format change resulted in B30.3, B30.5, B30.6, B30.11, and B30.16 being initially published as “Revisions” of B30.2, with the remainder of the B30 volumes being published as totally new volumes. ASA changed its name to USASI in 1966 and to ANSI in 1969, which resulted in B30 volumes from 1943 to 1968 being designated as ASA B30, USAS B30, or ANSI B30, depending on their date of publication. In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee operating under procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI.
This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees. In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unne- cessary hardship, the administrative or regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use of other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of protection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance with the format described in Section IX of the B30 Standard Intro- duction, before rendering decisions on disputed points.
Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from committee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmental and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.
B30.4 has been in existence since 1943. New editions were published in 1973 and 1981 under the title Portal, Tower, and Pillar Cranes. The 1990, 1996, and 2003 editions were published under the title Portal, Tower, and Pedestal Cranes. For the 2010 edition, B30.4 removed all references to tower cranes and revised the title to Portal and Pedestal Cranes. All requirements for tower cranes were incorporated into B30.3-2009. The 2015 edition contained technical and editorial
v
revisions, including the addition of responsibilities of personnel, personnel competence, and translations. In this 2020 edition, many changes were made throughout each chapter, including the scope and references to B30.30, Ropes.
This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, was approved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on July 16, 2020.
vi
ASME B30 COMMITTEE
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks,
Jacks, and Slings
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)
STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS
T. L. Blanton, Chair
E. D. Fidler, Vice Chair
K. Peterson, Secretary
STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL
N. E. Andrew, AM/NS Calvert
B. B. Bacon, Tennessee Valley Authority
T. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.
P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group
P. W. Boyd, The Boeing Co.
J. R. Burkey, Columbus McKinnon Corp.
B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Service
J. A. Danielson, The Boeing Co.
D. R. Decker, Becket, LLC
L. D. DeMark, Sr., Equipment Training Solutions, LLC
D. W. Eckstine, Eckstine & Associates
R. J. Edwards, NationsBuilders Insurance Services
E. D. Fidler, Grove U.S., LLC
J. A. Gilbert, Associated Wire Rope Fabricators
G. B. Hetherston, Hetherston Consulting, LLC
M. M. Jaxtheimer, Navy Crane Center
P. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC
R. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering Services
A. J. Lusi, Jr., Lumark Consulting, LLP
D. Means, Means Engineering & Consulting, P.C.
W. Mills, Liberty Mutual Insurance
W. E. Osborn, Ingersoll Rand
R. M. Parnell, ITI-Field Service
T. Perkins, All Material Handling, Inc.
Peterson, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
B. A. Pickett, Systems Engineering and Forensic Services
J. A. Pilgrim, Manitowoc Cranes
S. K. Rammelsberg, McDermott
K. Reynolds, Shell Exploration and Production
J. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the Navy
D. W. Ritchie, Dave Ritchie Consultant, LLC
J. W. Rowland III, Consultant
A. R. Ruud, Atkinson Construction
L. Shapiro, Howard I. Shapiro & Associates
D. W. Smith, STI Group
W. J. Smith, Jr., NationsBuilders Insurance Services
R. S. Stemp, Lampson International, LLC
R. G. Strain, Advanced Crane Technologies, LLC
J. Sturm, Sturm Corp.
D. P. Sullivan, IUOE Local 542 JATC
P. D. Sweeney, Riverside Engineering, LLC
E. P. Vliet, Consultant
J. D. Wiethorn, Haag Engineering Co.
C. Wild, CJ Drilling, Inc.
D. Wood, Terex Corp.
R. J. Bolen, Alternate, Consultant
D. Boyle, Alternate, The Crosby Group
B. M. Casey, Alternate, General Dynamics Electric Boat
W. C. Dickinson, Jr., Alternate, Crane Industry Services, LLC
J. Dudley, Alternate, The Walsh Group
D. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc.
M. Eckstine, Alternate, Safelift, LLC
S. R. Fletcher, Alternate, Cowles, Murphy, Glover & Associates
M. Gardiner, Alternate, Haag Engineering Co.
J. B. Greenwood, Alternate, Navy Crane Center
D. A. Henninger, Alternate, Bridon-Bekaert The Ropes Group
D. F. Jordan, Alternate, American International Crane Bureau
K. Kennedy, Alternate, Navy Crane Center
D. P. Lavoie, Alternate, Liberty Mutual Insurance
J. Lindsay, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment
J. P. Mihlbauer, Jr., Alternate, All Ship and Cargo Surveys, Ltd.
G. D. Miller, Alternate, Manitowoc Cranes
D. A. Moore, Alternate, Unified Engineering
L. S. Olver, Alternate, Kolo Holdings, Inc.
M. Randall, Alternate, McDermott
Rask, Alternate, NationsBuilders Insurance Services
C. L. Richardson, Alternate, Lone Star Rigging, LP
M. Riggs, Alternate, Rigging Institute, LLC
J. R. Schober, Alternate, American Bridge Co.
J. Schoppert, Alternate, NBIS Claims & Risk Management
T. Sicklesteel, Alternate, Leavitt Cranes, USA
C. H. Smith, Alternate, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC
J. A. Stewart, Alternate, General Service Administration
J. J. Van Egeren, Alternate, Manitowoc Cranes
C. Warren, Alternate, Webber, LLC
M. P. Zerba, Alternate, Lampson International, LLC
vii
HONORARY MEMBERS
J. W. Downs, Jr., Consultant
J. L. Franks, Consultant
C. W. Ireland, National Oilwell Varco
J. M. Klibert, Lift-All Co., Inc.
R. W. Parry, Consultant
J. C. Ryan, Boh Bros. Construction Co.
D. N. Wolff, Consultant
B30.4 SUBCOMMITTEE PERSONNEL
M. M. Jaxtheimer, Chair, Navy Crane Center
J. D. Cannon, Consultant
A. J. Egging, IPS Worldwide From National Oilwell Varco
J. J. Gates, Konecranes
J. Hairston, RHTC, Inc.
C. W. Ireland, National Oilwell Varco
J. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the Navy
M. Supkis, Seatrax
B30 INTEREST REVIEW GROUP
O. Akinboboye, Ropetech Engineering Services
J. D. Cannon, Consultant
B. Dobbs, LEEA
M. J. Eggenberger, Berry Contracting, Inc.
A. Gomes Rocha, Industrial Training International
J. B. Greenwood, Navy Crane Center
N. C. Hargreaves, Hargreaves Consulting, LLC.
H. A. Hashem, Saudi Aramco
J. Hui, School of Civil Engineering, People’s Republic of China
A. Mattoli, Prowinch, LLC
J. Mellott-Green, All Canadian Training Institute, Inc.
J. Mihlbauer, Jr., All Ship and Cargo Surveys, Ltd.
L. S. Olver, Kolo Holdings, Inc.
G. L. Owens, Consultant
A. Payne, Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement
Reynolds, Shell Exploration and Production
Shapiro, Howard I. Shapiro & Associates
C.-C. Tsaur, Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Taiwan
B30 REGULATORY AUTHORITY COUNCIL
C. Shelhamer, Chair, New York City Department of Buildings
K. Peterson, Secretary, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
C. Harris, City of Chicago Department of Buildings
R. D. Jackson, U.S. Department of Labor
D. E. Latham, State of Maryland DLLR
M. J. Nelmida, State of California, Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board
C. N. Stribling, Jr., Kentucky Labor Cabinet
T. Taylor, Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry
G. M. Thomas, South Carolina Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation
A. O. Omran, Alternate, New York City Department of Buildings
Reynolds, Alternate, Maryland Occupational Safety and Health
viii
B30 STANDARD INTRODUCTION ð20Þ
SECTION I: SCOPE
The ASME B30 Standard contains provisions that apply to the construction, installation, operation, inspection, testing, maintenance, and use of cranes and other lifting and material-movement-related equipment. For the convenience of the reader, the Standard has been divided into separate volumes. Each volume has been written under the direction of the ASME B30 Standards Committee and has successfully completed a consensus approval process under the general auspices of the Amer- ican National Standards Institute (ANSI).
As of the date of issuance of this Volume, the B30 Stan- dard comprises the following volumes: