Material Placement Systems

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

AN A MERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD

ASME B30.27-2014

(Revision of ASME B30.27-2009)

ASME B30.27-2014

(Revision of ASME B30.27-2009)

Material Placement Systems

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

AN AMERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD

Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA

Date of Issuance: March 26, 2014

The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2019.

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CONTENTS

iii

iv

FOREWORD

This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI, formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards for Cranes, prepared by an American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presented at the annual meeting of ASME.

Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920 to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron and Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering Standards Committee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USA Standards Institute), Department of Labor — State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry — State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee’s recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.

In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a Sectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was created from the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.

Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industry in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval Facilities Engineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American National Standards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organizations.

The format of the previous code was changed so that separate Volumes (each complete as to construction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover the different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.

In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operating under procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI.

This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees.

In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrative or regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use of other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of protection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance with the format described in Section IX of the B30 Standard Introduction, before rendering decisions on disputed points.

Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit- tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmental and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.

v

The 2009 edition consolidated the requirements of two standards, CPMA 27-2000 and B30.27-2005, into the B30.27 Volume. This 2014 edition of B30.27 incorporates many global B30 changes, including the addition of para. 27-3.1.3, requirements for translation of documents, and several other changes.

This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Standards Committee and by ASME, was approved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on February 19, 2014.

vi

ASME B30 COMMITTEE

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,

Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS

L. D. Means, Chair

R. M. Parnell, Vice Chair

K. M. Hyam, Secretary

N. E. Andrew, ThyssenKrupp Steel USA, LLC

STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

M. J. Quinn, Alternate, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC

C. M. Robison, Alternate, UT-Battelle/Oak Ridge National Laboratory

T. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.

P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.

C. E. Lucas, Alternate, The Crosby Group, Inc.

R. J. Bolen, Consultant

C. E. Cotton, Alternate, Navy Crane Center

M. E. Brunet, Manitowoc Cranes/The Manitowoc Crane Group

1. L. Calta, Alternate, Manitowoc Cranes/The Manitowoc Crane Group

2. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services

B. A. Pickett, Alternate, Forensic Engineering and Applied Science Institute

R. M. Cutshall, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions

J. A. Danielson, Boeing Co.

P. W. Boyd, Alternate, Boeing Co.

L. D. DeMark, Sr., Equipment Training Solutions, LLC

D. F. Jordan, Alternate, BP America

D. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and Associates

R. J. Edwards, NBIS

A. J. Egging, National Oilwell Varco

C. W. Ireland, Alternate, National Oilwell Varco

E. D. Fidler, The Manitowoc Co.

G. D. Miller, Alternate, Manitowoc Cranes

J. A. Gilbert, Associated Wire Rope Fabricators

J. L. Gordon, Acco Chain and Lifting Products

N. C. Hargreaves, Hargreaves Consulting, LLC

C. E. Imerman, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co.

W. C. Dickinson, Jr., Alternate, Crane Industry Services, LLC

G. B. Hetherston, E. I. DuPont

1. B. Greenwood, Alternate, Navy Crane Center

2. M. Hyam, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

D. C. Jackson, Tulsa Winch Group

S. D. Wood, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co.

M. M. Jaxtheimer, Navy Crane Center

S. R. Gridley, Alternate, Navy Crane Center

P. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC

R. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering Services

D. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc.

A. J. Lusi, Jr., LuMark Consulting

K. Shinn, Alternate, K. J. Shinn, Inc.

E. K. Marburg, Columbus McKinnon Corp.

J. R. Burkey, Alternate, Columbus McKinnon Corp.

L. D. Means, Means Engineering and Consulting

D. A. Henninger, Alternate, Bridon American

M. W. Mills, Liberty Mutual Group

D. L. Morgan, Mission Support Alliance

W. E. Osborn, Ingersoll Rand

R. M. Parnell, Industrial Training International, Inc.

W. C. Dickinson, Jr., Alternate, Crane Industry Services, LLC

J. T. Perkins, Engineering Consultant

J. R. Schober, Alternate, American Bridge Co.

1. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the Navy

2. Kennedy, Alternate, Navy Crane Center

D. W. Ritchie, Dave Ritchie Consultant, LLC

L. K. Shapiro, Alternate, Howard I. Shapiro and Associates

J. W. Rowland III, Consultant

D. A. Moore, Alternate, Unified Engineering

J. C. Ryan, Boh Bros. Construction Co.

A. R. Ruud, Alternate, Atkinson Construction

D. W. Smith, STI Group

S. K. Rammelsberg, Alternate, Chicago Bridge & Iron Co.

W. J. Smith, Jr., NBIS

J. Schoppert, Alternate, NBIS Claims and Risk Management

R. S. Stemp, Lampson International, LLC

E. P. Vliet, Alternate, Turner Industries Group

R. G. Strain, Advanced Crane Technologies, LLC

J. Sturm, Sturm Corp.

P. D. Sweeney, General Dynamics Electric Boat

B. M. Casey, Alternate, General Dynamics Electric Boat

J. D. Wiethorn, Haag Engineering Co.

R. C. Wild, U.S. Army Engineering District USACE

D. N. Wolff, National Crane/The Manitowoc Crane Group

J. A. Pilgrim, Alternate, Manitowoc Cranes

vii

HONORARY MEMBERS

J. W. Downs, Jr., Downs Crane and Hoist Co.

J. L. Franks, Consultant

J. M. Klibert, Lift-All Co., Inc.

R. W. Parry, Consultant

P. S. Zorich, RZP International Ltd.

P. W. Boyd, Boeing Co.

B30 INTEREST REVIEW GROUP

M. W. Osborne, E-Crane International USA

J. D. Cannon, Regional Technical Crane Safety Specialist

M. J. Eggenberger, Bay Ltd.

H. A. Hashem, Saudi Aramco

J. Hui, School of Civil Engineering, Nanjing

A. C. Mattoli, Prowinch, LLC

G. L. Owens, Consultant

A. G. Rocha, Belgo Bekaert Arames

W. G. Rumburg, Crane Consultants, Inc.

C-C. Tsaur, Institute of Occupational Safety on Health

B30 REGULATORY AUTHORITY COUNCIL

C. Shelhamer, Chair, New York City Department of Buildings

W. M. James Dougherty, Jr., Vice Chair, Construction Plans Review Specialist

K. M. Hyam, Secretary, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

G. Beer, Iowa OSHA

L. G. Campion, U.S. Department of Labor/OSHA

W. L. Cooper, Arizona Division of Occupational Safety and Health

C. Harris, City of Chicago — Department of Buildings

C. R. Smith, Pennsylvania Department of State, Bureau of Professional and Occupational Affairs

C. N. Stribling, Jr., Kentucky Labor Cabinet

C. Tolson, State of California, OSH Standards Board

R. J. Edwards, Chair, NBIS

W. J. Smith, Jr., Alternate, NBIS

J. L. Bury, Putzmeister America

B30.27 SUBCOMMITTEE PERSONNEL

D. R. Remus, Reed Manufacturing

J. Schoppert, NBIS Claims and Risk Management

R. Waterman, Brundage-Bone Concrete Pumping, Inc.

L. D. DeMark, Sr., Equipment Training Solutions, LLC

K. Rask, Brundage-Bone Concrete Pumping, Inc.

1. C. Wild, U.S. Army Engineering District USACE

   
   

   viii

   
   

   SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS, HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGS

   
   

   B30 STANDARD INTRODUCTION

   
   

   (14)

   
   

   SECTION I: SCOPE

   The ASME B30 Standard contains provisions that apply to the construction, installation, operation, inspec- tion, testing, maintenance, and use of cranes and other lifting and material-movement related equipment. For the convenience of the reader, the Standard has been divided into separate volumes. Each volume has been

   B30.23 Personnel Lifting Systems B30.24 Container Cranes

   B30.25 Scrap and Material Handlers B30.26 Rigging Hardware

   B30.27 Material Placement Systems B30.28 Balance Lifting Units

   B30.29 Self-Erecting Tower Cranes

   1

   written under the direction of the ASME B30 Standard Committee and has successfully completed a consensus approval process under the general auspices of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).

   As of the date of issuance of this Volume, the B30 Standard comprises the following volumes:

   B30.1 Jacks, Industrial Rollers, Air Casters, and Hydraulic Gantries

   B30.2 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)

   B30.3 Tower Cranes

   B30.4 Portal and Pedestal Cranes B30.5 Mobile and Locomotive Cranes B30.6 Derricks

   B30.7 Winches

   B30.8 Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks B30.9 Slings

   B30.10 Hooks

   B30.11 Monorails and Underhung Cranes

   B30.12 Handling Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft B30.13 Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Machines and

   Associated Equipment B30.14 Side Boom Tractors B30.15 Mobile Hydraulic Cranes

   (withdrawn 1982 — requirements found in latest revision of B30.5)

   B30.16 Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

   B30.17 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist)

   B30.18 Stacker Cranes (Top or Under Running Bridge, Multiple Girder With Top or Under Running Trolley Hoist)

   B30.19 Cableways

   B30.20 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices

   B30.30 Ropes

   
   

   SECTION II: SCOPE EXCLUSIONS

   Any exclusion of, or limitations applicable to the equipment, requirements, recommendations, or opera- tions contained in this Standard are established in the affected volume’s scope.

   
   

   SECTION III: PURPOSE

   The B30 Standard is intended to

   1. prevent or minimize injury to workers, and other- wise provide for the protection of life, limb, and property by prescribing safety requirements

   2. provide direction to manufacturers, owners, employers, users, and others concerned with, or respon- sible for, its application

   3. guide governments and other regulatory bodies in the development, promulgation, and enforcement of appropriate safety directives

SECTION IV: USE BY REGULATORY AGENCIES

These volumes may be adopted in whole or in part for governmental or regulatory use. If adopted for gov- ernmental use, the references to other national codes and standards in the specific volumes may be changed to refer to the corresponding regulations of the govern- mental authorities.

SECTION V: EFFECTIVE DATE

1. Effective Date. The effective date of this Volume of the B30 Standard shall be 1 yr after its date of issuance.

   B30.21 Manually Lever-Operated Hoists

   B30.22 Articulating Boom Cranes 1 This volume is currently in the development process.

   
   

   ix

   Construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte- nance, and operation of equipment manufactured and facilities constructed after the effective date of this Volume shall conform to the mandatory requirements of this Volume.

2. Existing Installations. Equipment manufactured and facilities constructed prior to the effective date of this Volume of the B30 Standard shall be subject to the inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation require- ments of this Standard after the effective date.

It is not the intent of this Volume of the B30 Standard to require retrofitting of existing equipment. However, when an item is being modified, its performance require- ments shall be reviewed relative to the requirements within the current volume. The need to meet the current requirements shall be evaluated by a qualified person selected by the owner (user). Recommended changes shall be made by the owner (user) within 1 yr.

SECTION VI: REQUIREMENTS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Requirements of this Standard are characterized by use of the word shall. Recommendations of this Standard are characterized by the word should.

SECTION VII: USE OF MEASUREMENT UNITS