Overhead and Gantry Cranes

(Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

AN A MERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD

ASME B30.2-2011

(Revision of ASME B30.2-2005)

ASME B30.2-2011

(Revision of ASME B30.2-2005)

Overhead and Gantry Cranes

(Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

AN AMERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD

Three Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA

Date of Issuance: July 29, 2011

The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2016. This Standard will become effective 1 year after the Date of Issuance. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.

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This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.

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without the prior written permission of the publisher.

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990

Copyright © 2011 by

THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A.

CONTENTS

iii

2-0.2-3 Overhead Crane 3

2-0.2-4 Semigantry Crane 3

2-0.2-5 Wall Crane 3

2-1.13.3-1 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers or Master Switches

(Three-Motor Crane) 14

2-1.13.3-2 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers or Master Switches

(Four-Motor Crane) 14

2-1.13.3-3 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Pendant Push-Button Station Arrangement) 15

2-1.13.3-4 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Radio Crane Control

Transmitter Lever Arrangement) 15

2-3.6.1-1 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Overhead and Gantry Cranes 25

iv

FOREWORD

This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American National Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards for Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presented to the annual meeting of the ASME.

Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920 to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron and Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering Standards Committee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USA Standards Institute). Department of Labor — State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry — State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee’s recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.

In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a Sectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was created from the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.

Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industry in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval Facilities Engineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American National Standards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organizations.

The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as to construction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover the different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.

In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operating under procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National Standards Institute.

This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees.

In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrative or regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use of other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of protection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance with the format described in Section IX, before rendering decisions on disputed points.

Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit- tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmental and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.

In this Volume of the Standard, Chapter 2-3 has been revised and Maintenance has been moved to a new Chapter 2-4. This Standard was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, was approved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on May 31, 2011.

v

ASME B30 STANDARDS COMMITTEE

Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,

Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS

P. S. Zorich, Chair

R. M. Parnell, Vice Chair

K. M. Hyam, Secretary

N. E. Andrew, Thyssen Krup Steel USA, LLC

1. L. Blaton, NACB Group, Inc.

   STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

   1. W. Frantz, Alternate, Ohio Operating Engineers Local 18

   2. K. Marburg, Columbus McKinnon Corp.

W. T. Hargrove, Alternate, QinetiQ North America

R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.

P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.

R. J. Bolen, Consultant, E. I. DuPont

A. D. Brown, A. D. Brown Co.

M. E. Brunet, Manitowoc Cranes/The Manitowoc Crane Group

T. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty Mutual Insurance

M. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual Group

B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.

B. A. Pickett, Alternate, Forensic Engineering and Applied Science Institute

R. A. Dahlin, Walker Magnetics Group

1. M. Jankowski, Alternate, Walker Magnetics Group

2. D. DeMark, Equipment Training Solutions, LLC

D. Jordan, Alternate, BP America

D. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and Associates

H. G. Leidich, Alternate, Leidich Consulting Services

R. J. Edwards, NBIS, Product Safety and Development

J. L. Bury, Alternate, Putzmeister America

E. D. Fidler, Grove Crane/The Manitowoc Crane Group

J. L. Gordon, Acco Material Handling Solutions

N. C. Hargreaves, Terex Corp.

C. E. Imerman, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co.

J. J. Headley, Crane Institute of America

W. C. Dickinson, Alternate, Crane Industry Services, LLC

G. B. Hetherston, E. I. DuPont

K. M. Hyam, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

C. W. Ireland, National Oilwell Varco

A. J. Egging, Alternate, National Oilwell Varco

D. C. Jackson, Tulsa Winch Group

W. E. Osborn, Alternate, Ingersoll Rand

P. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC

M. J. Quinn, Alternate, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC

R. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering Services

D. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc.

C. E. Lucas, The Crosby Group, Inc.

F. P. Massaro, Alternate, Bishop Lifting Products, Inc.

A. J. Lusi, IUOE Local 542 JATC

D. K. Huber, Alternate, Columbus McKinnon Corp.

L. D. Means, Means Engineering and Consulting/Wire Rope Technical Board

D. M. Sleightholm, Alternate, Bridon American Corp.

D. L. Morgan, Mission Support Alliance

C. Brewer, Alternate, Mission Support Alliance

G. L. Owens, Consultant

J. Sturm, Alternate, Crane’s Aerial Truck Service

R. M. Parnell, Wire Rope Rigging Consultants/Industrial Training International, Inc.

J. Danielson, Alternate, Boeing

J. T. Perkins, Consultant

R. M. Cutshall, Alternate, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions

J. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the Navy

M. M. Jaxheimer, Alternate, Navy Crane Center

D. W. Ritchie, David Ritchie Consultant, LLC

J. D. Wiethorn, Alternate, Haag Engineering Co.

J. W. Rowland III, Consultant

J. C. Ryan, Boh Brothers Construction Co.

A. R. Ruud, Alternate, Atkinson Construction

D. Sayenga, The Cardon Management Group

J. A. Gilbert, Alternate, Associated Wire Rope Fabricators

D. W. Smith, Chicago Bridge and Iron Co.

S. K. Rammelsburg, Alternate, Chicago Bridge and Iron Co.

W. J. Smith, Jr., NBIS Claims and Risk Management, Inc.

J. Schoppert, Alternate, NBIS Claims and Risk Management, Inc.

R. G. Strain, Advanced Crane Technologies, LLC

P. D. Sweeney, General Dynamics, Electric Boat

B. M. Casey, Alternate, Electric Boat

A. R. Toth, Morris Material Handling

J. D. Edmundson, Alternate, Morris Material Handling

B. E. Weir, Jr., Association of Union Constructors/Norris Brothers Co., Inc.

J. R. Schober, Alternate, American Bridge Co.

R. C. Wild, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

E. B. Stewart, Alternate, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

D. N. Wolff, National Crane/Manitowoc Crane Group

A. L. Calta, Alternate, National Crane/Manitowoc Crane Group

P. S. Zorich, RZP International Ltd.

H. W. Fair, Alternate, H. Fair Associates, Inc.

vi

HONORARY MEMBERS

J. W. Downs, Downs Crane and Hoist Co.

J. L. Franks, Consultant

J. M. Klibert, Lift-All Co., Inc.

R. W. Parry, Consultant

J. W. Rowland III, Chair, Consultant

1. R. Toth, Vice Chair, Morris Material Handling

2. M. Casey, Alternate, Electric Boat

3. E. Cotton, Navy Crane Center

B30.2 — SUBCOMMITTEE PERSONNEL

L. D. Means, Means Engineering and Consulting/Wire Rope Technical Board

T. F. Pritchett, Crane Inspection Services

J. E. Pritchett, Alternate, Crane Inspection Services

R. M. Cutshall, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions

J. L. Gordon, Acco Material Handling Solutions

J. B. Greenwood, Navy Crane Center

C. W. McDaniel, Foley Material Handling Co.

G. V. Stanic, Globex Corp.

D. Stevens, InTomes, LLC

1. Westerhopf, G.W. Becker, Inc.

   
   

   vii

   
   

   SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS, HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGS

   
   

   (11) B30 STANDARD INTRODUCTION

   
   

   SECTION I: SCOPE

   The ASME B30 Standard contains provisions that apply to the construction, installation, operation, inspec- tion, testing, maintenance, and use of cranes and other lifting and material-movement related equipment. For the convenience of the reader, the Standard has been divided into separate volumes. Each volume has been written under the direction of the ASME B30 Standard Committee and has successfully completed a consensus approval process under the general auspices of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).

   As of the date of issuance of this Volume, the B30 Standard comprises the following volumes:

   B30.1 Jacks, Industrial Rollers, Air Casters, and Hydraulic Gantries

   B30.2 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)

   B30.3 Tower Cranes

   B30.4 Portal and Pedestal Cranes B30.5 Mobile and Locomotive Cranes B30.6 Derricks

   B30.7 Winches

   B30.8 Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks B30.9 Slings

   B30.10 Hooks

   B30.11 Monorails and Underhung Cranes

   B30.12 Handling Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft B30.13 Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Machines and

   Associated Equipment B30.14 Side Boom Tractors B30.15 Mobile Hydraulic Cranes

   (withdrawn 1982 — requirements found in latest revision of B30.5)

   B30.16 Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

   B30.17 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist)

   B30.18 Stacker Cranes (Top or Under Running Bridge, Multiple Girder With Top or Under Running Trolley Hoist)

   B30.19 Cableways

   B30.20 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices

   B30.23 Personnel Lifting Systems B30.24 Container Cranes

   B30.25 Scrap and Material Handlers B30.26 Rigging Hardware

   B30.27 Material Placement Systems B30.28 Balance Lifting Units

   B30.29 Self-Erect Tower Cranes1

   
   

   SECTION II: SCOPE EXCLUSIONS

   Any exclusion of, or limitations applicable to the equipment, requirements, recommendations or opera- tions contained in this Standard are established in the affected Volume’s scope.

   
   

   SECTION III: PURPOSE

   The B30 Standard is intended to

   1. prevent or minimize injury to workers, and other- wise provide for the protection of life, limb, and property by prescribing safety requirements

   2. provide direction to manufacturers, owners, employers, users, and others concerned with, or respon- sible for, its application

   3. guide governments and other regulatory bodies in the development, promulgation, and enforcement of appropriate safety directives

SECTION IV: USE BY REGULATORY AGENCIES

These Volumes may be adopted in whole or in part for governmental or regulatory use. If adopted for gov- ernmental use, the references to other national codes and standards in the specific volumes may be changed to refer to the corresponding regulations of the govern- mental authorities.

SECTION V: EFFECTIVE DATE

1. Effective Date. The effective date of this Volume of the B30 Standard shall be 1 yr after its date of issuance. Construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte- nance, and operation of equipment manufactured and

   B30.21 Manually Lever-Operated Hoists

   B30.22 Articulating Boom Cranes 1 This volume is currently in the development process.

   
   

   viii

   facilities constructed after the effective date of this Volume shall conform to the mandatory requirements of this Volume.

2. Existing Installations. Equipment manufactured and facilities constructed prior to the effective date of this Volume of the B30 Standard shall be subject to the inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation require- ments of this Standard after the effective date.

It is not the intent of this Volume of the B30 Standard to require retrofitting of existing equipment. However, when an item is being modified, its performance require- ments shall be reviewed relative to the requirements within the current volume. The need to meet the current requirements shall be evaluated by a qualified person selected by the owner (user). Recommended changes shall be made by the owner (user) within 1 yr.

SECTION VI: REQUIREMENTS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Requirements of this Standard are characterized by use of the word shall. Recommendations of this Standard are characterized by the word should.

SECTION VII: USE OF MEASUREMENT UNITS

This Standard contains SI (metric) units as well as

1. Customary units. The values stated in U.S. Custom- ary units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units are a direct (soft) conversion from the U.S. Customary units.

   
   

   SECTION VIII: REQUESTS FOR REVISION

   The B30 Standard Committee will consider requests for revision of any of the volumes within the B30 Standard. Such requests should be directed to

   Secretary, B30 Standard Committee ASME Codes and Standards

   Three Park Avenue

   New York, NY 10016-5990

   
   

   Requests should be in the following format:

   Volume: Cite the designation and title of the volume.

   Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the volume. Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)

   and the relevant heading(s).

   Request: Indicate the suggested revision.

   Rationale: State the rationale for the suggested revision.

   Upon receipt by the Secretary, the request will be forwarded to the relevant B30 Subcommittee for consid- eration and action. Correspondence will be provided to

   the requester defining the actions undertaken by the B30 Standard Committee.

   
   

   SECTION IX: REQUESTS FOR INTERPRETATION

   The B30 Standard Committee will render an interpre- tation of the provisions of the B30 Standard. Such requests should be directed to

   Secret