Pressure Gauges and Gauge Attachments

AN A MERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD

ASME B40.100-2013

[Revision of ASME B40.100-2005 (R2011)]

ASME B40.100-2013

[Revision of ASME B40.100-2005 (R2011)]

Pressure Gauges and Gauge Attachments

AN AMERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD

Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA

Date of Issuance: November 20, 2013

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Copyright © 2013 by

THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

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CONTENTS

Foreword iv

Committee Roster v

Correspondence With the B40 Committee vi

Preface vii

ASME B40.1 Gauges: Pressure Indicating Dial Type — Elastic Element 1

ASME B40.2 Diaphragm Seals 45

ASME B40.5 Snubbers 77

ASME B40.6 Pressure Limiter Valves 97

ASME B40.7 Gauges: Pressure Digital Indicating 107

iii

FOREWORD

ASME Standards Committee B40 is comprised of a group of volunteers representing pressure gauge users, manufacturers, governmental agencies, testing laboratories, and other standards- producing bodies. All are convinced that national standards such as this serve not only to provide product performance and configuration guidelines but also to inform and assist both those who specify and the users regarding the science of pressure gauge production, application, and use. The standards are vehicles by which the Committee as a body can transmit to users the benefits of their combined knowledge and experience as regards the proper and safe use of pressure gauges.

The use of this Standard is entirely voluntary and shall in no way preclude the manufacturer or use of products that do not conform. Neither ASME nor the B40 Committee assumes responsibil- ity for the effects of observance or nonobservance of recommendations made herein.

The 2005 edition, which was approved on September 19, 2005, was issued to include Nonmandatory Appendix C on Supplemental Requirements to B40.1, B40.2, B40.5, and B40.6.

This revision was issued to clarify wording in the B40.1 body document as well as in Nonmandatory Appendix C, now designated as Mandatory Appendix III. Nonmandatory Appendix A was also rewritten to include new gauge performance criteria, and it was designated as Mandatory Appendix I. Nonmandatory Appendix B was designated as Mandatory Appendix II. This edition of the Standard was approved by the B40 Standards Committee on June 18, 2013 and approved as an American National Standard by the American National Standards Institute

on October 14, 2013.

iv

ASME B40 COMMITTEE

Specifications for Pressure and Vacuum Gauges

(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS

K. Gross, Chair

J. Conti, Vice Chair

J. H. Karian, Secretary

1. Conti, Consultant

2. Gross, WIKA Instrument Corp.

STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

M. G. Page, Operating & Maintenance Specialties

R. Philipp, Naval Surface Warfare

R. A. Weissner, Alternate, WIKA Instrument Corp.

R. E. Honer, Jr., Perma-Cal Industries

M. Johnson, JMS Southeast, Inc.

J. H. Karian, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

M. F. Lancaster, Noshok, Inc.

D. Porter, Crystal Engineering

P. Reed, Ashcroft

J. W. Weiss, Weiss Instruments, Inc.

R. A. Weissner, Alternate, WIKA Instrument Corp.

1. Yee, Naval Sea System Command

   
   

   
   

   v

   
   

   CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE B40 COMMITTEE

   
   

   General. ASME standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the consensus of concerned interests. As such, users of this Standard may interact with the Committee by proposing revisions, and attending Committee meetings. Correspondence should be addressed to:

   Secretary, B40 Standards Committee

   The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue

   New York, NY 10016-5990

   Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changes that appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application of the Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.

   The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should be as specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detailed description of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.

   Attending Committee Meetings. The B40 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings, which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary of the B40 Standards Committee.

   
   

   vi

   
   

   PREFACE

   ORGANIZATION OF THIS DOCUMENT

   This Standard compiles the following standards.

   Standard Title

   ASME B40.1 Gauges: Pressure Indicating Dial Type — Elastic Element ASME B40.2 Diaphragm Seals

   ASME B40.5 Snubbers

   ASME B40.6 Pressure Limiter Valves

   ASME B40.7 Gauges: Pressure Digital Indicating

   
   

   vii

   
   

   INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

   
   

   viii

   ASME B40.100-2013 (B40.1)

   
   

   ASME B40.1

   1. Scope 2

   2. Pressure Gauges, General 2

   3. General Recommendations 15

   4. Safety 19

   5. Cleanliness 22

   6. Pressure Gauge Testing 22

   7. Ordering Parameters and Related Standards 24

Figures

1. Basic Pressure Terms 3

2. Pressure Gauge Components (C-Type Bourdon Illustrated) 4

3. Elastic Elements 6

4. Cases 7

5. Example of Dual Scale Dial 8

6. Cases/Mounting 10

7. Example of Retard Gauge 11

8. Example of Suppressed Scale Gauge 11

9. Recommended Case and Mounting Dimensions 14

10. Hysteresis and Offset Error 25

Tables

1. Accuracy Grades/Classes 5

2. Cleanliness Levels 23

   Mandatory Appendices

   1. Test Procedures Used to Measure New Gauge Performance 27

   2. Gauges Used on Regulators 30

   3. Supplemental Requirements 33

1

ASME B40.100-2013 (B40.1)

GAUGES: PRESSURE INDICATING DIAL TYPE — ELASTIC ELEMENT

1. SCOPE

   This Standard (B40.1) is confined to analog, dial-type gauges, which, utilizing elastic elements, mechanically sense pressure and indicate it by means of a pointer moving over a graduated scale.

   This Standard does not include gauges of special con- figuration designed for specific applications, edge read- ing, deadweight or piston gages, or any other gauges not using an elastic element to sense pressure.

   
   

2. PRESSURE GAUGES, GENERAL

   1. Pressure Terms

      See Fig. 1.

      
      

   2. Pressure Gauge Components

      See Fig. 2.

      
      

   3. Pressure Gauge Terminology

absolute pressure: see pressure, absolute.

absolute pressure gauge: see gauge, absolute pressure.

accuracy: the conformity of a gauge indication to an accepted standard or true value. Accuracy is the differ- ence (error) between the true value and the gauge indica- tion expressed as a percent of the gauge span. It is the combined effects of method, observer, apparatus, and environment. Accuracy error includes hysteresis and repeatability errors, but not friction error. It is deter- mined under specific conditions (see Table 1).

accuracy, reference: the accuracy of a gauge under refer- ence conditions [normal position at 20°C ± 1°C (approxi- mately 68°F ± 2°F) and 101.32 kPa (29.92 in. Hg) barometric pressure].

adjustment, pointer indication: a means of causing a change in indication. The change is approximately equal over the entire scale. Some examples of this type of adjustment are adjustable pointers, rotatable dials, rotat- able movements, and other similar items. This adjust- ment, if provided, is generally accessible to the gauge user (see para. 3.3.4).

adjustment, span: a means of causing a change in the angle of pointer rotation for a given change in pressure. This adjustment is not generally accessible to the gauge user.

ambient pressure: see pressure, ambient.

bar: a metric pressure unit equal to approximately

14.50 psi (see paras. 3.3.2.1 and 7.2).

bellows: a thin walled, convoluted elastic pressure- sensing element (see Fig. 3).

bezel: see ring.

Bourdon tube: a tubular elastic pressure-sensing element. May have “C,” helical, spiral, or other form (see Fig. 3).

brazing: a metal joining process wherein coalescence is produced by use of nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 425°C (800°F), but lower than that of the base metals joined.

calibration: the process of graduating the pressure scale or adjusting the mechanism to cause the gauge to indicate within specified accuracy limits.

calibration verification: the checking of a gauge by com- parison with a given standard to determine the indica- tion error at specified points of the scale.

case: the housing or container that supports, protects, and surrounds the internals.

case, liquid filled: a case that is filled with a liquid such as glycerin or silicone fluid to at least 75% of its total internal volume. Liquid-filled cases may be either open front or solid front types. The purpose of this construc- tion is to exclude ambient corrosives or protect the inter- nals from damage caused by severe vibration or pulsation.

case, open front with case pressure relief: a case with a pressure relief device or openings and no partition between the pressure element and the window [see Fig. 4, illustration (a)]. An alternate construction is a plastic window especially designed to relieve internal case pressure.

case, open front without case pressure relief: a case having no partition between the pressure element and the window, and no pressure relief devices or openings [see Fig. 4, illustration (a)].

case, pressure tight: a case capable of maintaining a pres- sure differential between the inside and the outside of the case.

case ring: see ring.

case, sealed: a case that is sealed to exclude ambient corro- sives.

case, size: see size, gauge.

2