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ASME PTC 6-2004 (R2014)
M00052509
New product
ASME PTC 6-2004 (R2014) Steam Turbines
standard by ASME International, 01/01/2004
Full Description
This Code may be used for testing of steam turbines operating either with a significant amount of superheat in the initial steam (typically fossil-fueled units) or predominantly within the moisture region (typically nuclear- fueled units). This Code contains rules and procedures for the conduct and reporting of steam turbine testing, including mandatory requirements for pretest arrangements, instruments to be employed, their application and methods of measurement, testing techniques, and methods of calculation of test results. The performance parameters which may be determined from a Code test include: (a) heat rate, (b) generator output, (c) steam flow, (d) steam rate, (e) feedwater flow. It also contains procedures and techniques required to determine enthalpy values within the moisture region and modifications necessary to permit testing within the restrictions of radiological safety requirements in nuclear plants.In stock
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ASME PTC 6-2004
(Revision of ASME PTC 6-1996)
Steam Turbines
Performance Test Codes
A N A M E R I C A N N A T I O N A L S T A N D A R D
Intentionally left blank
ASME PTC 6-2004
(Revision of ASME PTC 6-1996)
ASME PTC 6-2004
(Revision of ASME PTC 6-1996)
Steam Turbines
Performance Test Codes
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
Three Park Avenue • New York, NY 10016
Date of Issuance: October 31, 2005
This Code will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be no addenda issued to ASME PTC 6-2004.
ASME issues written replies to inquiries as code cases and interpretations of technical aspects of this document. Code cases and interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at https://www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued.
ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Stan- dards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from com- petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made avail- able for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringe- ment of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as gov- ernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright © 2005 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A.
CONTENTS
Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commitee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Correspondence With the PTC 6 Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | vii viii x xii |
Section 1 Object and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
1-1 Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
1-2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
1-3 Full-Scale and Alternative Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1 |
1-4 Conformance to Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 2 |
1-5 Additional Requirements and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 2 |
Section 2 Definitions and Description of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 3 |
2-1 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 3 |
2-2 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 3 |
2-3 Subscripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 4 |
2-4 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 6 |
2-5 Table for Conversion to SI Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 6 |
Section 3 Guiding Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 7 |
3-1 Planning for Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 7 |
3-2 Items on Which Agreement Shall be Reached . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 7 |
3-3 Timing of Acceptance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 8 |
3-4 General Test Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 9 |
3-5 Isolation of the Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 10 |
3-6 Location of Turbine Valve Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 11 |
3-7 Number of Test Runs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 12 |
3-8 Testing Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 12 |
3-9 Frequency of Observations and Duration of Test Runs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 14 |
3-10 Calibration of Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 15 |
3-11 Steam Pressure and Temperature Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 17 |
3-12 Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 17 |
3-13 Methods of Comparing Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 17 |
3-14 Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 19 |
Section 4 Instruments and Methods of Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 20 |
4-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 20 |
4-2 Measurement of Mechanical Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 21 |
4-3 Measurement of Feedwater Pump Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 22 |
4-4 Measurement of Electrical Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 24 |
4-5 A-C Generator Test Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 27 |
4-6 D-C Generator Test Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 28 |
4-7 Calibration of Electrical Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 29 |
4-8 Primary Flow Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 29 |
4-9 Installation of Flow Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 38 |
4-10 Flow Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 45 |
4-11 Other Flow-Measuring Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 45 |
4-12 Measurement of Steam Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 45 |
4-13 Measurement of Water Flow Using Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 45 |
4-14 Differential-Pressure Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 46 |
4-15 Enthalpy-Drop Method for Steam-Flow Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 48 |
Additional Flow Measurements 49
Measurement of Pressure 51
Measurement of Temperature 57
Methods of Determining Steam Quality 59
Measurement of Speed 64
Measurement of Time 64
Measurement of Water Levels 64
Section 5 Computation of Results 65
Deviations From Specified Operating Conditions 65
Test Results 65
Test Data Reduction 65
Throttle-Steam Flow 66
Capability 66
Steam Rate 66
Heat Rate 66
Correction of the Test Results to Specified Conditions 67
Calculation of Turbine Exhaust Steam Enthalpy 67
Turbine Efficiency and Effectiveness 70
Calculation of Group 1 Corrections 71
Calculation of Group 2 Corrections 71
Average Performance 72
Section 6 Report of Tests 73
6-1 Turbine Generator Acceptance Test Reports 73
Section 7 Required Number of Readings 74
Introduction 74
Illustrations 74
Effect of Flow Nozzle Differentials 74
Effect of Throttle Steam Temperature 75
Combining Readings From More Than One Sensor or Instrument 76
Estimated Effect of all Readings for the Entire Test Period 76
Development of Fig. 3-1 76
Standard Deviation 76
Discussion on Fig. 7-1 76
Standard Deviation of the Averages 76
Uncertainty Limit 76
Formula for NR N a Line in Fig. 3-1 80
Development of Na Lines in Fig. 3-1 81
Section 8 Group 1 Corrections for the Alternative Procedure 82
Corrections to Specified Conditions 82
Cycle Parameters 82
Correction Factor Curves 82
Sample Group 1 Correction Curves for Fossil Units 82
Sample Group 1 Correction Curves for Nuclear Units 86
Section 9 Rationale for Heat Rate Testing Uncertainty 91
Object 91
Scope 91
Heat Rate Test 91
Measurement Errors 91
Variations 91
Uncertainty Values 91
Typical Test Uncertainty Calculations 91
Figures
2-1 Temperature-Entropy Diagrams 5
3-1 Required Number of Readings (NR) Corresponding to 0.05% Effect on the Test
Results Due to Scatter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 16 | |
3-2 | Corrected First Stage Inlet (Bowl) Pressure vs. Corrected Throttle Flow for Use | |
in Determining Predicted VWO Throttle Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 18 | |
3-3 | Corrected Throttle Flow vs. Corrected Test Load for Use in Determining | |
Predicted VWO Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 19 | |
4-1 | Typical Instrumentation for Measurement of Feedwater Pump Power . . . . . . . . . | 23 |
4-2(a) | Wye Generator – 3-Phase, 3-Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 25 |
4-2(b) | Delta Generator – 3-Phase, 3-Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 25 |
4-2(c) | Wye Generator – 3-Phase, 4-Wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 25 |
4-2(d) | Typical Connections for Measuring Electric Power Output by the | |
Three-Wattmeter Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 26 | |
4-2(e) | Direct Current Series Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 28 |
4-2(f) | Direct Current Shunt Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 29 |
4-2(g) | Direct Current Short-Shunt Compound Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 29 |
4-3(a) | Primary Flow Section With Plate-Type Flow Straightener (Recommended) . . . . . . | 30 |
4-3(b) | Primary Flow Section With Tube-Type Flow Straightener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 31 |
4-4 | Throat-Tap Flow Nozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 31 |
4-5 | Perforated or Tubed Plate Flow Straightener With Nonuniform | |
Hole Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 32 | |
4-6 | Throat-Tap Nozzle Required Surface Finish to Produce a Hydraulically | |
Smooth Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 33 | |
4-7(a) | Throat-Tap Nozzle With Optional Diffusing Cone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 34 |
4-7(b) | Boring in Flow Section Upstream of Nozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 34 |
4-8 | Primary Flow Section for Welded Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 35 |
4-9 | Inspection Port Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 36 |
4-10 | Reference Curve for Nozzle Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 37 |
4-11(a) | Location and Type of Test Instrumentation (High-Pressure Feedwater | |
Heater Supplied With Superheated Extraction Steam) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 39 | |
4-11(b) | Location and Type of Test Instrumentation (Heater Drains Cascading to | |
Condenser; Tracer Technique for Flow Measurement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 40 | |
4-11(c) | Location and Type of Test Instrumentation (Heater Drains Pumped | |
Forward; Tracer Technique for Flow Measurement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 41 | |
4-11(d) | Location and Type of Test Instrumentation for Alternative Test | |
Procedure – Fossil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 42 | |
4-11(e) | Location and Type of Test Instrumentation for Alternative Test | |
Procedure – Nuclear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 43 | |
4-12 | Water Leg Correction for Flow Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 44 |
4-13 | Flow Element Tap Locations for Horizontal Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 44 |
4-14(a) | Connection Between Calibrated Flow Section and Transducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 46 |
4-14(b) | Connection Between Calibrated Flow Section and Manometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 47 |
4-15 | Connection Between Flow Section and Transducer in Area of | |
High Radioactivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 48 | |
4-16 | Loop-Seal Piping Arrangement for Moisture Separator Drain | |
Flow Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 49 | |
4-17 |
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