ASME PTC 23-2003

[Revision of ANSI/ASME PTC 23-1986 (R1997)]

ATMOSPHERIC WATER COOLING EQUIPMENT

PERFORMANCE TEST CODES

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ATMOSPHERIC WATER COOLING EQUIPMENT

ASME PTC 23-2003

[REVISION OF ANSI/ASME PTC 23-1986 (R1997)]

PERFORMANCE TEST CODES

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#OMMITTEE 2OSTER VI

#ORRESPONDENCE WITH THE 04# #OMMITTEE VIII

)NTRODUCTION IX

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7IND 6ELOCITY

4OWER 0UMP (EAD

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'03&803%

)N REVISION BEGAN ON THE ORIGINAL TEN #ODES THAT FORMED THE EDITION OF THE !3-% 0OWER 4EST #ODES AND IT WAS DECIDED TO INCLUDE WATER COOLING IN THE LIST OF REVISED #ODES &OLLOWING THE APPEARANCE OF THE 4EST #ODE FOR !TMOSPHERIC 7ATER #OOLING %QUIPMENT IN TENTATIVE FORM IN THE !UGUST ISSUE OF -ECHANICAL %NGINEERING THE 3OCIETY PRESENTED THIS #ODE FOR DISCUSSION AT A PUBLIC HEARING HELD IN $ECEMBER DURING ITS ANNUAL MEETING IN .EW 9ORK 4HE #ODE WAS APPROVED AT THE *UNE MEETING OF THE 3TANDING #OMMITTEE AND WAS ADOPTED BY THE #OUNCIL AS A STANDARD PRACTICE OF THE 3OCIETY ON !UGUST

! NEW 4ECHNICAL #OMMITTEE FOR !TMOSPHERIC 7ATER #OOLING %QUIPMENT WAS FORMED IN TO UPDATE THE #ODE !GREEMENT ON THE LOCATION FOR THE WET BULB TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT WAS THE MAJOR ISSUE 7HILE THERE WAS GENERAL RECOGNITION THAT TOWER PERFORMANCE WAS GOVERNED BY THE ENTERING WET BULB TEMPERATURE AT THAT TIME THERE WAS CONCERN ABOUT RESPONSIBILITY FOR PLUME RE CIRCULATION AND INTERFERENCE 4HE DIFFICULTY OF OBTAINING ADEQUATE AIR TEMPERATURE COVERAGE OF BOTH SIDES OF LARGE TOWERS WAS CONSIDERED INSURMOUNTABLE &OR THIS REASON SOME BELIEVED IT WOULD BE BETTER TO RELATE PERFORMANCE TO AN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MEASURED SOME DISTANCE UPWIND AND TO HAVE PERFORMANCE STATED AND SUBSTANTIATED ON THAT BASIS

)N A SEVEN PERSON 3UBCOMMITTEE WITH REPRESENTATION FROM THE !MERICAN 3OCIETY OF 2EFRIGERATION %NGINEERS AND THE #OOLING 4OWER )NSTITUTE NOW KNOWN AS #OOLING 4ECHNOLOGY

)NSTITUTE WAS APPOINTED TO ABBREVIATE AND BRING TO AN EARLY CONCLUSION THE WORK OF THE 4ECHNICAL #OMMITTEE 4HE 3UBCOMMITTEE S WORK WAS COMPLETED AND A #ODE BASED ON AMBIENT WET BULB TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT WAS ADOPTED BY THE 3OCIETY ON *ANUARY 4HE GROWING NUMBER AND SIZE OF TOWERS THE EVOLUTION OF THE NATURAL DRAFT TOWER AND CONTINUING DISAGREEMENT ON AMBIENT VERSUS ENTERING WET BULB TEMPERATURE LED TO THE FORMATION OF A NEW #OMMITTEE IN

$ECEMBER -ODERN INSTRUMENTATION AND THE AVAILABILITY OF DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS HAD ADVANCED MEASUREMENT METHODS SINCE THE #ODE -ODEL TEST RESULTS AND ERROR ANALYSIS MADE AVAILABLE TO THE #OMMITTEE SUPPORTED THE POSITION THAT TOWER PERFORMANCE SHOULD BE RELATED TO ENTERING WET BULB TEMPERATURE IN THE REVISED #ODE 4HIS ISSUE OF THE #ODE WAS APPROVED BY

!.3) AND PUBLISHED BY THE 3OCIETY IN .OVEMBER

#ONTINUED ADVANCES IN INSTRUMENTATION EXPERIENCES WITH THE TESTING ITSELF AND TEST UNCERTAINTY INSTALLATION OF A VARIETY OF OTHER TYPES OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING EQUIPMENT AND MORE STRINGENT ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS LED TO THE CONVENING OF A NEW #OMMITTEE IN )TS OBJECTIVE WAS TO EXTEND THE #ODE TO INCLUDE PLUME ABATEMENT COMPLIANCE OF WETnDRY TOWERS AND THE PERFORM ANCE TEST PROCEDURES FOR COOLING TOWERS CLOSED CIRCUIT EVAPORATIVE COOLERS AND WET SURFACE AIR COOLED CONDENSERS )N THE INTERIM THE IMPACT ON PLANT ECONOMICS OF THE COOLING SYSTEM S OPERATING PERFORMANCE BECAME BETTER UNDERSTOOD (ENCE !PPENDIX ! IN THE NEW #ODE ADDRESSES PRACTICAL TECHNIQUES OF MONITORING THE PERFORMANCE OF COOLING TOWERS

!S IN PAST EDITIONS OF 04# THE MOST ACCURATE TEST METHODS WERE ESTABLISHED AS #ODE (OWEVER THE #OMMITTEE WAS AWARE THAT FOR SOME TOWERS AN ELABORATE TEST WAS NOT PRACTICAL OR ECONOMICALLY VIABLE 4HEREFORE NONMANDATORY !PPENDIX + PROVIDES SIMPLER TEST METHODS 4HESE TEST METHODS BEING LESS ACCURATE HAVE A HIGHER UNCERTAINTY

4O EXPEDITE THE COMPLETION OF THIS VERSION OF THE #ODE SECTIONS OF #4) #ODE !4# WERE USED WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE #OOLING 4ECHNOLOGY )NSTITUTE #4) 4HAT CONTRIBUTION IS ACKNOWL EDGED AND APPRECIATED

4HE #OMMITTEE VOTED TO APPROVE THE DOCUMENT ON .OVEMBER )T WAS THEN APPROVED AND ADOPTED BY THE #OUNCIL AS A 3TANDARD PRACTICE OF THE 3OCIETY BY ACTION OF THE "OARD ON 0ERFORMANCE 4EST #ODES ON &EBRUARY 4HE #ODE WAS ALSO APPROVED AS AN !MERICAN

.ATIONAL 3TANDARD BY THE !.3) "OARD OF 3TANDARDS 2EVIEW ON -ARCH

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4HE #OMMITTEE ACKNOWLEDGES WITH THANKS THE CONTRIBUTIONS MADE BY -ARCEL 2 ,EFEVRE TO THE INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THIS REVISION AND FOR HIS INITIATIVE IN HELPING TO RECONSTITUTE THE #OMMITTEE

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(FOFSBM !3-% #ODES ARE DEVELOPED AND MAINTAINED WITH THE INTENT TO REPRESENT THE CONSENSUS OF CONCERNED INTERESTS !S SUCH USERS OF THIS #ODE MAY INTERACT WITH THE #OMMIT TEE BY REQUESTING INTERPRETATIONS PROPOSING REVISIONS AND ATTENDING #OMMITTEE MEETINGS

#ORRESPONDENCE SHOULD BE ADDRESSED TO

3ECRETARY 04# 3TANDARDS #OMMITTEE

4HE !MERICAN 3OCIETY OF -ECHANICAL %NGINEERS

4HREE 0ARK !VENUE

.EW 9ORK .9

1SPQPTJOH 3FWJTJPOT 2EVISIONS ARE MADE PERIODICALLY TO THE #ODE TO INCORPORATE CHANGES THAT APPEAR NECESSARY OR DESIRABLE AS DEMONSTRATED BY THE EXPERIENCE GAINED FROM THE APPLICATION OF THE #ODE !PPROVED REVISIONS WILL BE PUBLISHED PERIODICALLY

4HE #OMMITTEE WELCOMES PROPOSALS FOR REVISIONS TO THIS #ODE 3UCH PROPOSALS SHOULD BE AS SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE CITING THE PARAGRAPH NUMBER S THE PROPOSED WORDING AND A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE REASONS FOR THE PROPOSAL INCLUDING ANY PERTINENT DOCUMENTATION

*OUFSQSFUBUJPOT 5PON REQUEST THE 04# #OMMITTEE WILL RENDER AN INTERPRETATION OF ANY REQUIREMENT OF THE #ODE )NTERPRETATIONS CAN ONLY BE RENDERED IN RESPONSE TO A WRITTEN REQUEST SENT TO THE 3ECRETARY OF THE 04# 3TANDARDS #OMMITTEE

4HE REQUEST FOR INTERPRETATION SHOULD BE CLEAR AND UNAMBIGUOUS )T IS FURTHER RECOM MENDED THAT THE INQUIRER SUBMIT HIS HER REQUEST IN THE FOLLOWING FORMAT

3UBJECT #ITE THE APPLICABLE PARAGRAPH NUMBER S AND THE TOPIC OF THE INQUIRY

%DITION #ITE THE APPLICABLE EDITION OF THE #ODE FOR WHICH THE INTERPRETATION IS BEING REQUESTED

1UESTION 0HRASE THE QUESTION AS A REQUEST FOR AN INTERPRETATION OF A SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT SUITABLE FOR GENERAL UNDERSTANDING AND USE NOT AS A REQUEST FOR AN APPROVAL OF A PROPRIETARY DESIGN OR SITUATION 4HE INQUIRER MAY ALSO INCLUDE ANY PLANS OR DRAWINGS WHICH ARE NECESSARY TO EXPLAIN THE QUESTION HOWEVER THEY SHOULD NOT CONTAIN PROPRIETARY NAMES OR INFORMATION

2EQUESTS THAT ARE NOT IN THIS FORMAT WILL BE REWRITTEN IN THIS FORMAT BY THE #OMMITTEE PRIOR TO BEING ANSWERED WHICH MAY INADVERTENTLY CHANGE THE INTENT OF THE ORIGINAL REQUEST

!3-% PROCEDURES PROVIDE FOR RECONSIDERATION OF ANY INTERPRETATION WHEN OR IF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION THAT MIGHT AFFECT AN INTERPRETATION IS AVAILABLE &URTHER PERSONS AGGRIEVED BY AN INTERPRETATION MAY APPEAL TO THE COGNIZANT !3-% #OMMITTEE OR 3UBCOMMITTEE !3-% DOES NOT hAPPROVE v hCERTIFY v hRATE v OR hENDORSEv ANY ITEM CONSTRUCTION PROPRIETARY DEVICE OR ACTIVITY

"UUFOEJOH $PNNJUUFF .FFUJOHT 4HE 04# 3TANDARDS #OMMITTEE REGULARLY HOLDS MEETINGS WHICH ARE OPEN TO THE PUBLIC 0ERSONS WISHING TO ATTEND ANY MEETING SHOULD CONTACT THE 3ECRETARY OF THE 04# 3TANDARDS #OMMITTEE

*/530%6$5*0/

4HIS #ODE DESCRIBES INSTRUMENTS TEST PROCEDURES AND ANALYSIS OF TEST DATA TO BE USED TO DETERMINE THE PERFORM ANCE OF ALL DESIGNS OF COOLING TOWERS AND EVAPORATIVE COOLING EQUIPMENT )T DEFINES PROCEDURES THAT DETERMINE THE PLUME ABATEMENT COMPLIANCE OF WET DRY COOLING TOWERS 4HE #ODE OUTLINES PRACTICAL METHODS OF MONITOR ING THE PERFORMANCE OF COOLING TOWERS IN AN APPENDIX

)T PROVIDES EXPLICIT TEST PROCEDURES THAT WILL YIELD RESULTS OF THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF ACCURACY CONSISTENT WITH THE BEST CURRENT ENGINEERING PRACTICES AND KNOWLEDGE IN THIS FIELD 4HE #ODE IS NOT INTENDED TO BE USED FOR SPRAY COOLING DEVICES COOLING CANALS OR PONDS OR COOLING LAKES

4O AID IN AN OVERALL STUDY OF THE #ODE THE FOLLOWING REVIEW SEQUENCES ARE SUGGESTED

! QUICK SURVEY OF THE #ODE CAN BE OBTAINED BY READING THE INTRODUCTIONS TO EACH SECTION FOLLOWED BY THE 4EST 0ROCEDURES

!T THE PLANT DESIGN CONTRACTUAL AGREEMENT OR SPECIFI CATION STAGE IT IS ADVISABLE TO REVIEW IN ORDER

A ACHIEVABLE TEST UNCERTAINTY STATED IN /BJECT AND 3COPE SECTION

B TEST PROCEDURES OR ALTERNATIVELY THE PARTICULAR SPE CIAL TEST FROM THE APPENDIX

C 'UIDING 0RINCIPLES SECTION

D )NSTRUMENTS AND -ETHODS OF -EASUREMENT SECTION FOR THE RECOMMENDED REQUIREMENTS PARTICULARLY THE WATER FLOW MEASUREMENT

0ERFORMANCE MONITORING PROJECTS SHOULD REVIEW

!PPENDIX ! BEFORE REVIEWING THE DETAILS OF #ODE 3EC TIONS

7HEN THIS #ODE IS TO BE USED AS A MEANS TO DETERMINE FULFILLMENT OF CONTRACT OBLIGATIONS THE CONTRACTING PAR TIES SHALL AGREE IN ADVANCE ON THE TEST PROCEDURES UNCER TAINTY ESTIMATES AND IMPLICATIONS METHODS OF PRESENTATION OF DATA AND PRESENTATION OF RESULTS

#ONSIDERABLE EFFORTS WERE MADE TO WRITE THIS COOLING TOWER #ODE SO THAT ALL THE RELATED TECHNOLOGY WAS CON TAINED WITHIN THE DOCUMENT ITSELF HOWEVER IN ALL INSTANCES THIS WAS NOT POSSIBLE )N THESE CASES AND UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED ALL REFERENCES TO OTHER CODES REFER PRIMARILY TO !3-% 0ERFORMANCE 4EST #ODES OR TO #OOL ING 4ECHNOLOGY )NSTITUTE 3TANDARDS !NY TERMS NOT DEFINED HEREIN ARE LISTED IN THE #ODE IN $EFINITIONS AND 6ALUES !3-% 04# $ESCRIPTIONS OF INSTRUMENTS AND APPARATUS MAY BE FOUND IN THE 04# SERIES OF SUPPLE MENTAL CODES 4HE GENERAL BASIS OF THE UNCERTAINTY ANALY SIS BEYOND THAT SPECIFIED IN THIS #ODE MAY BE FOUND IN THE SUPPLEMENT !3-% 04# 4EST 5NCERTAINTY ! CAREFUL STUDY SHOULD BE MADE OF ALL THE REFERENCED CODES BUT IN THE EVENT OF DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN SPECIFIC DIREC TIONS CONTAINED HEREIN AND THOSE CODES INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE !3-% 04# SHALL GOVERN