Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings

AN A MERICAN NA TIONAL S T AND ARD

ASME B16.18-2018

(Revision of ASME B16.18-2012)

ASME B16.18-2018

(Revision of ASME B16.18-2012)

Cast Copper

Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Date of Issuance: May 8, 2018

The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2023.

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THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

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CONTENTS

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Committee Roster vi

Correspondence With the B16 Committee vii

Summary of Changes ix

List of Changes in Record Number Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

3 Pressure–Temperature Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

4 Fitting Size and Ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

5 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

6 Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

7 Metal Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

8 Inspection Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

9 Threaded Ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

10 Configuration of Threaded Ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

11 Production Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Mandatory Appendix

I References 23

Nonmandatory Appendices

FOREWORD

This American National Standard for solder joint fittings was originally developed by a subcommittee of American Standards Association (ASA) Sectional Committee A40 on Minimum Requirements for Plumbing and Standardization of Plumbing Equipment, organized in August 1928, under the procedures of the ASA. Subcommittee No. 11 on Solder-Joint Fittings for Tubing was appointed in October 1936.

At its first meeting, the Subcommittee was informed of the investigation of solder joints being carried out by the National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of Standards and Technology). It was decided that the Subcommittee’s scope should cover only solder fittings for use in plumbing. A subgroup was appointed to study the tolerances of commercial fittings, including depth of bore, laying lengths, and diameters of copper tube.

A draft standard was sent to the Subcommittee in February 1939; a revision was distributed in August to selected organizations and individuals for review. A new Subcommittee draft dated April 1940 was approved by Sectional Committee A40, the sponsor, and following ASA approval, was published in January 1941 as ASA A40.3-1941.

In 1949, the sponsors agreed to transfer responsibility for solder joint fittings to Sectional Committee B16 of ASA, because the fittings were being used in many applications other than plumbing. Subcommittee 9, Standardization of Solder Joint Fittings was established and charged with developing a revised standard. An April 1949 draft was distributed for industry review, resulting in recommended changes. A new draft was approved by Sectional Committee B16, sponsor organizations, and ASA, and published as ASA B16.18-1950.

Work began in 1958 on a revision, including improvements in language. It was approved by B16, sponsor organizations, and ASA, and published as ASA B16.18-1963. Starting in 1969, a comprehensive review resulted in revisions to clarify the text and to permit additional material. Final approval was granted by the American National Standards Institute [ANSI (formerly ASA)] on March 2, 1972, for publication as ANSI B16.18-1972.

The Subcommittee, now Subcommittee I, began a new revision on 1974, resulting in the addition of supply and return tees, baseboard tees, and flush bushings, as well as metrication, and change of “bronze” to “copper alloy.” The draft that was finally approved was published as ANSI B16.18-1978.

In 1982, American National Standards Committee B16 became the ASME B16 Standards Committee, operating with the same scope under ASME procedures accredited by ANSI. Subsequently, Subcommittee I merged with Subcommittee J, which had a related scope. A general review was then started, resulting in a number of editorial changes and a few pictorial corrections. Following approval by Subcommittee J, the B16 Standards Committee, and ASME, ANSI granted approval on January 13, 1984, for publication of the standard as ANSI B16.18-1984. The standard was reaffirmed in 1994 with no change.

The 2001 edition of B16.18 contained a defined bursting strength, defined standard gaging method of threaded ends, and other clarifications and updates to text. Following approval by the Standards Committee and ASME, the edition was approved as an American National Standard on October 17, 2001, with the designation ASME B16.18-2001.

In the 2012 edition, new copper alloys were added for potable water applications. Also, references to ASME standards were revised to no longer list specific edition years; the latest edition of ASME publications applied, unless stated other- wise. Materials manufactured to other editions of the referenced ASTM standards were permitted to be used to manu- facture fittings meeting the requirements of this Standard as long as the fitting manufacturer verified that the material met the requirements of the referenced edition. Following approval by the B16 Standards Committee and the ASME Board on Pressure Technology Codes and Standards, the 2012 edition was approved as an American National Standard by ANSI on January 13, 2012, with the new designation ASME B16.18-2012.

In this 2018 edition, the Material section has been revised to add low-lead requirements for castings intended for use in potable water systems. Following approval by the ASME B16 Standards Committee, ASME B16.18-2018 was approved as an American National Standard by ANSI on February 16, 2018.

ASME B16 COMMITTEE

Standardization of Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Gaskets

(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS

R. M. Bojarczuk, Chair

C. E. Davila, Vice Chair

C. R. Ramcharran, Secretary

STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

A. Appleton, Alloy Stainless Products Co., Inc.

1. E. Barker, Dezurik Water Controls

2. Barron, Ward Manufacturing

D. C. Bayreuther, Metso Automation

W. B. Bedesem, Consultant

R. M. Bojarczuk, ExxonMobil Research & Engineering Co.

A. M. Cheta, Qatar Shell GTL

M. A. Clark, NIBCO, Inc.

G. A. Cuccio, Capitol Manufacturing Co.

C. E. Davila, Crane Energy

1. D’Avanzo, Fluoroseal Valves

2. S. Felder, Valero Energy

D. R. Frikken, Becht Engineering Co., Inc.

D. Hunt, Jr., Fastenal

G. A. Jolly, Samshin Ltd.

E. J. Lain, Exelon Nuclear

T. A. McMahon, Emerson Process Management

R. C. Merrick, Fluor Enterprises

M. L. Nayyar, NICE

W. H. Patrick, Dow Chemical Co.

D. W. Rahoi, CCM 2000

1. R. Ramcharran, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

2. F. Reid, VSP Technologies

R. A. Schmidt, Canadoil

J. P. Tucker, Flowserve Corp.

F. R. Volgstadt, Volgstadt & Associates, Inc.

F. Feng, Delegate, China Productivity Center for Machinery

R. W. Barnes, Contributing Member, Anric Enterprises, Inc.

P. V. Craig, Contributing Member, Jomar Group

B. G. Fabian, Contributing Member, Pennsylvania Machine Works

M. Katcher, Contributing Member, Haynes International

A. G. Kireta, Jr., Contributing Member, Copper Development Association, Inc.

SUBCOMMITTEE J — COPPER AND COPPER ALLOY FLANGES, FLANGED FITTINGS, AND SOLDER JOINT FITTINGS

A. G. Kitera, Jr., Chair, Copper Development Association, Inc.

M. A. Clark, Vice Chair, NIBCO, Inc.

E. Lawson, Secretary, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

J. Oh, Secretary, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

J. A. Ballanco, JB Engineering & Code Consulting

S. L. Cavanaugh, Cavanaugh Consulting

W. E. Chapin, Professional Code Consulting, LLC

D. R. Frikken, Becht Engineering Co., Inc.

A. A. Knapp, A. Knapp & Associates

C. A. Mueller, Mueller Industries, Inc.

1. Shingleton, Viega, LLC

2. Morgan, Alternate, Viega, LLC

CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE B16 COMMITTEE

General. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the consensus of concerned interests. As such, users of this Standard may interact with the Committee by requesting interpretations, proposing revisions or a case, and attending Committee meetings. Correspondence should be addressed to:

Secretary, B16 Standards Committee

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue

New York, NY 10016-5990

https://go.asme.org/Inquiry

Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changes that appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application of the Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.

The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should be as specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detailed description of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.

Proposing a Case. Cases may be issued to provide alternative rules when justified, to permit early implementation of an approved revision when the need is urgent, or to provide rules not covered by existing provisions. Cases are effective immediately upon ASME approval and shall be posted on the ASME Committee web page.

Requests for Cases shall provide a Statement of Need and Background Information. The request should identify the Standard and the paragraph, figure, or table number(s), and be written as a Question and Reply in the same format as existing Cases. Requests for Cases should also indicate the applicable edition(s) of the Standard to which the proposed Case applies.

Interpretations. Upon request, the B16 Standards Committee will render an interpretation of any requirement of the Standard. Interpretations can only be rendered in response to a written request sent to the Secretary of the B16 Standards Committee.

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Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and the topic of the inquiry in one or two words. Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the Standard for which the interpretation is being requested.

Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific requirement suitable for general understanding and use, not as a request for an approval of a proprietary design or situation. Please provide a condensed and precise question, composed in such a way that a “yes” or “no” reply is acceptable.

Proposed Reply(ies): Provide a proposed reply(ies) in the form of “Yes” or “No,” with explanation as needed. If entering replies to more than one question, please number the questions and replies.

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Attending Committee Meetings. The B16 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings and/or telephone confer- ences that are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting and/or telephone conference should contact the Secretary of the B16 Standards Committee.

ASME B16.18-2018 SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Following approval by the ASME B16 Committee and ASME, and after public review, ASME B16.18-2018 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on February 16, 2018.

In ASME B16.18-2018, the Metric tables formerly in Mandatory Appendix I have been merged with the U.S. Customary tables in the main text; the tables have been redesignated, Mandatory Appendix I deleted, and the cross-references updated accordingly. In addition, this edition includes the following changes identified by a margin note, (18). The Record Number listed below is explained in more detail in the “List of Changes in Record Number Order” following this Summary of Changes.

Page Location Change (Record Number)

2 6 Subparagraph (b) revised (17-1691)

23 Mandatory Appendix I Formerly Mandatory Appendix II, updated

(17-1691)

LIST OF CHANGES IN RECORD NUMBER ORDER

Record Number Change

17-1691 In section 6, subpara. (b), “either” was changed to “low lead (0.25% or less) and shall be”; in Mandatory Appendix I (formerly Mandatory Appendix II), references were updated.

ASME B16.18-2018

CAST COPPER ALLOY SOLDER JOINT PRESSURE FITTINGS

1. SCOPE

   This Standard for cast copper alloy solder joint pressure fittings designed for use with copper water tube estab- lishes requirements for

   1. pressure–temperature ratings

   2. abbreviations for end connections

   3. sizes and method of designating openings of fittings

   4. marking

   5. material

   6. dimensions and tolerances

   7. tests

      
      

2. GENERAL

1. Relevant Units

   This Standard states values in both SI (Metric) and U.S. Customary units. These systems of units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, it is required that each system of units be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems constitutes nonconformance with the Standard.

   
   

2. References

   Standards and specifications adopted by reference in this Standard are shown in Mandatory Appendix I, which is part of this Standard. It is not considered practical to identify the specific edition of each standard and spec- ification in the individual references. Instead, the specific edition reference is identified in Mandatory Appendix I.

   
   

3. Quality System

Requirements relating to the product manufacturer’s quality system programs are described in Nonmandatory Appendix C.

1. PRESSURE–TEMPERATURE RATINGS

   1. Rating of Fitting and of Joint

      The internal pressure–temperature ratings of the fittings are shown in Table 3.1-1.

      The internal pressure–temperature rating for a solder joint fitting is dependent not only on fitting and tube strength, but also on the composition of the solder used for the joint and selection of valves and appurtenances.

      The internal pressure–temperature rating of the system shall be the lowest of the values shown in Table 3.1-1, the solder joint, and those of the tube, valves, or appurtenances.

      The maximum recommended pressure–temperature ratings for solder joints using the dimensions of Table 8.2-2, made with typical commercial solders, are given in Nonmandatory Appendix A.

      
      

   2. Bursting Strength

      Burst strength at 73°F ± 5°F (23°C ±2°C) shall be not less than 4 times the 100°F (38°C) internal working-pressure rating shown in Table 3.1-1. For reducing fittings, the applicable internal working pressure shall be that of the largest size of end connection.

      
      

2. FITTING SIZE AND ENDS

   The size of the fittings shown in Table 8.2-2 and Table A-1 corresponds to standard water tube size as shown in ASTM B88, Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube. The size of the threaded ends corresponds to nominal pipe size as shown in ANSI/ASME B1.20.1.

   Fittings are designated by the size of the openings in the sequence illustrated in Figure 4-1.

   The following symbols are used to designate the type of fitting end:

   C = solder-joint fitting end made to receive copper tube diameter (female)

   F = internal ANSI standard taper pipe thread (female) NPT

   FTG = solder-joint fitting end made to copper tube diameter (male)

   M = external ANSI standard taper pipe thread (male) NPT

   
   

3. MARKING

Each fitting shall be permanently marked with the manufacturer’s name or trademark and other applicable markings as required by MSS SP-25. Marking of fittings less than Standard Water Tube Size 1∕2 or on any fitting where it damages soldering surfaces is not required.

Fittings manufactured from cast copper alloys containing silicon shall be permanently marked with the designation Si.

Fittings manufactured from cast copper alloys containing bismuth shall be permanently marked with the designation B or Bi.