WRC 408
Bolted Flange Assembly: Preliminary Elastic Interaction Data and Improved Bolt-Up Procedures
Bulletin / Circular by Welding Research Council, Inc., 1996
G. Bibel, R. Ezell
Full Description
Design bolt loading in a bolted flange connection is difficult to obtain because of elastic interaction. Elastic interaction data is presented for two different pipe flanges, three different gasket styles and two different bolting patterns. An algorithm that compensates for elastic interaction is given. Uniform bolt preload (2%) is obtained in a single pass bolt-up operation. The algorithm is based on experimentally obtained interaction coefficients.